从学制衔接到育人融合：职普融通在应用型新工科建设中的内涵重构与实践路径

From Systemic Connection to Educational Integration: Connotation Reconstruction and Practical Pathways of Vocational-General Education Integration in the Construction of Applied New Engineering Disciplines

摘要: 当前，应用型本科高校普遍持续推进课程体系与教学方法改革，主要体现为知识模块的重组与教学形式的多样化探索。然而，如何突破“知识传授”的路径依赖，实现育人逻辑的系统重构，仍是深化改革的关键挑战。面向国家“职业教育与普通本科融通、产业与教育融合”战略部署，本文通过重构“职普融通”的内涵，提出一种从“学制对接”到“育人融合”的新范式。以南昌理工学院电子与信息学院为例，构建“能力图谱驱动”的课程重构机制，推动普通本科教育主动吸收职业教育中“能力本位、项目驱动、企业深度参与”等核心理念，实现从“知识传授”向“能力生成”的范式跃迁。通过在电子信息类专业持续三年的实践探索，验证了该课程重构模式在提升学生复杂工程能力、就业竞争力与产业适配度方面的显著成效，为地方高校探索差异化、高质量发展路径提供了可复制、可推广的实践方案。

Abstract: Currently, applied undergraduate institutions are continuously advancing reforms in curriculum systems and teaching methods, primarily manifested in the reorganization of knowledge modules and explorations into diversified teaching formats. However, breaking free from the path dependence on “knowledge transmission” and achieving a systematic reconstruction of educational logic remains a key challenge for deepening reform. In response to the national strategy of “integration between vocational and general undergraduate education, and deep convergence between industry and education”, this paper redefines the connotation of “integration of vocational and general education” and proposes a new paradigm shifting from “institutional articulation” to “educational integration”. Taking the School of Electronics and Information at Nanchang Institute of Technology as a case, the study constructs a “competency-mapping-driven” curriculum reconstruction mechanism. This approach enables general undergraduate education to actively incorporate core concepts from vocational education—such as competency-based learning, project-driven instruction, and deep enterprise involvement—thereby facilitating a paradigm shift from “knowledge transmission” to “capability development”. After three years of practice in electronic and information engineering programs, the model has demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing students’ complex engineering competencies, employment competitiveness, and industrial alignment. It provides a replicable and scalable practical pathway for local universities seeking differentiated and high-quality development.