综合性护理干预对老年冠心病患者生活质量及自护能力影响的研究

Study on the Impact of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on the Quality of Life and Self-Care Ability of Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

摘要: 目的：研究综合护理对老年人冠状动脉病变病人生存质量和自理能力的作用。方法：选择本院2024年8月~2025年7月住院的老年冠心病病人62名，应用随机表法将其分成31个观察组与31个对照组。对照组给予心脏内科的普通护理，观察组则在传统的护理基础上进行3个月的全面护理介入，其中包含结构性健康教育、个性化心理疏导、渐进式运动康复指导、药物及饮食的精细管理以及持续性的护理。结果：观察组在身体活动受限、稳定状态、心绞痛发作、治疗满意度及疾病认识方面得分明显优于对照组(P < 0.05)；观察组在健康知识、护理技能、自我责任感、自我意识等各方面的得分和得分均明显优于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：对老年冠心病患者实施综合性护理干预，能有效提升其自我护理能力，改善其心绞痛症状，显著提高生活质量，效果优于常规护理，值得临床推广应用。

Abstract: To investigate the effect of comprehensive nursing on the quality of life and self-care ability of elderly patients with coronary artery disease. Method: 62 elderly patients with coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital from August 2024 to July 2025 were selected and randomly divided into 31 observation groups and 31 control groups using a random table method. The control group received general nursing care in the cardiology department, while the observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention for 3 months on the basis of traditional nursing care, including structural health education, personalized psychological counseling, progressive exercise rehabilitation guidance, fine management of medication and diet, and continuous nursing care. Result: The observation group scored significantly better than the control group in terms of restricted physical activity, stable state, angina attacks, treatment satisfaction, and disease awareness (P < 0.05); The observation group scored significantly better than the control group in terms of health knowledge, nursing skills, sense of self responsibility, self-awareness, and other aspects (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing interventions for elderly patients with coronary heart disease can effectively enhance their self-care ability, improve their angina symptoms, significantly improve their quality of life, and have better effects than conventional nursing. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.