山楂叶总黄酮治疗多囊卵巢综合征的研究进展

Research Progress of Hawthorn Leaf Flavonoids in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

摘要: 多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄期女性常见的生殖内分泌疾病，其发病机制尚不清楚，但已证实与遗传、代谢、内分泌和环境因素存在密切联系。目前临床上仍缺乏治疗PCOS的特异性药物，西医治疗多以干预生活方式和对症治疗为核心，而长期激素干预易加重机体代谢紊乱。相比之下，中医药的多靶点干预优势显著。山楂叶总黄酮作为中药山楂叶核心活性成分，具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡、改善糖脂代谢以及性激素水平等多种药理作用。已有研究表明，该成分可缓解PCOS患者的临床症状，例如纠正糖脂代谢紊乱、减轻肥胖程度、改善慢性炎症状态，调节肠道菌群结构等。但目前为止，其发挥作用的确切机制仍未完全明晰。基于此，本研究以PCOS的多种病理途径为切入点，深入探究山楂叶总黄酮的作用机制，以期为该成分的临床应用及相关药物研发提供理论参考。

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease in women of child-bearing age. Its pathogenesis is not yet known, but it has been confirmed that it has a close relationship with genetic, metabolic, endocrine and environmental factors. Currently, there is still a lack of specific drugs for the treatment of PCOS in clinical practice. Western medicine treatment is mostly based on lifestyle intervention and symptomatic treatment. Long-term hormone intervention can easily aggravate the body’s metabolic disorders. In contrast, the multi-target intervention advantages of traditional Chinese medicine are significant. As the core active hawthorn leaf flavonoids in traditional Chinese medicine, total flavonoids have various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, improving glycolipid metabolism, and sex hormone levels. Studies have shown that this ingredient can alleviate the clinical symptoms of PCOS patients, such as correcting glycolipid metabolism disorders, reducing obesity, improving chronic inflammation, and regulating the intestinal microbial structure. But so far, the exact mechanism of its function is not fully understood. Based on this, this study takes the various pathological pathways of PCOS as the entry point and deeply explores the mechanism of action of total flavonoids in hawthorn leaves, in order to provide theoretical reference for the clinical application of this ingredient and the development of related drugs.