农村物流末端网点布局公平性测度——以重庆市为例

Fairness Measurement of Rural Logistics Terminal Outlets Layout—A Case Study of Chongqing Municipality

摘要: 农村物流末端网点的合理布局与公平配置对保障城乡双向流通、促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。本文以重庆为研究区，基于2024年3517个农村物流末端网点POI、村级地理及人口数据，采用熵权-TOPSIS法计算考虑人均网点数量、行政村覆盖率、可达性的综合指数，基于此运用泰尔指数测算不同层级的组内和组间公平性。结果表明：重庆市农村物流末端网点综合指数呈“渝西地区 > 渝东新城 > 渝东北三峡库区 > 渝东南武陵山区”梯度分化，空间可达性对综合指数影响显著，公平性差异主要源于区县间、发展区间的组间差异，区域组内差异相对较小且主要源于特定高贡献单元。最后提出分层分类优化建议，为提升农村物流末端网点布局公平性提供依据。

Abstract: The rational layout and fair allocation of rural logistics terminal outlets are of great significance for ensuring two-way urban-rural circulation and promoting rural revitalization. Taking Chongqing as the research area, this study calculates a comprehensive index that considers the per capita number of outlets, administrative village coverage rate, and accessibility using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method, based on the POI data of 3517 rural logistics terminal outlets, as well as village-level geographic and population data in 2024. It measures the intra-group and inter-group fairness at different levels based on the Theil index. The results show that: the comprehensive index of Chongqing’s rural logistics terminal outlets presents a gradient differentiation of “Western Chongqing > New Eastern Chongqing > Northeast Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area > Southeast Chongqing Wuling Mountain Area”, and spatial accessibility has a significant impact on service quality; the fairness differences mainly stem from differences between districts and counties as well as between development zones, while intra-regional differences are relatively small and mainly originate from specific high-contribution units. Finally, hierarchical and classified optimization suggestions are put forward, providing a basis for improving the fairness of the layout of rural logistics terminal outlets.