一种玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料在汽车内饰中的应用

Research on the Application of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composite Materials in Automotive Interior Parts

摘要: 随着汽车产业对轻量化、环保化及可持续发展要求的不断提高，开发新型绿色高性能复合材料已成为研究热点。本文针对汽车内饰件应用，开发了一种玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯新型材料。通过基础研究表明，该材料在15%的纤维填充比例下，其拉伸强度、弯曲强度及模量等关键力学性能均优于20%玻纤增强聚丙烯，缺口冲击强度等同于对比材料，同时实现了约10%的减重。工装样件验证结果表明，其物性满足标准要求，并通过了气囊点爆等关键安全测试。此外，该材料展现出优异的可回收性，经过粉碎后100%回收再注塑，单次回收性能衰减率低于5%。本研究为玄武岩纤维在汽车内饰领域的大规模应用提供了有力的数据支撑和实践路径。

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the automotive industry’s requirements for lightweighting, environmental protection and sustainable development, the development of new green high-performance composite materials has become a research hotspot. This paper has developed a new type of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene material for the application of automotive interior parts. Basic research shows that when the fiber filling ratio is 15%, the key mechanical properties of this material, such as tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus, are all superior to those of 20% glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. The notched impact strength is equivalent to that of the comparison material, while achieving a weight reduction of approximately 10%. The verification results of the tooling sample parts show that their physical properties meet the standard requirements and have passed key safety tests such as airbag detonation. In addition, this material demonstrates excellent recyclability. After being 100% crushed and recycled for injection molding, the performance degradation rate per single recycling is less than 5%. This research provides strong data support and practical paths for the large-scale application of basalt fibers in the field of automotive interiors.