破乳–混凝预处理降低污水污染负荷的综合实验设计

Comprehensive Experimental Design of Demulsification-Coagulation Pretreatment for Reducing Pollution Load in Wastewater

摘要: 针对化学实验传统教学内容偏基础、缺应用的弊端，研究在教学中增加了设计性实验的教学环节，通过提供开放课题、查阅文献、设计方案、开展实验、分析数据、撰写报告几个环节，增强学生的主观能动性，在强化实验技能培养的同时帮助学生建立科研思维。文章以设计性实验“破乳–混凝预处理降低污水污染负荷”为例，结合Zeta电位仪、总有机碳分析仪、色谱质谱联用仪等分析表征手段，揭示了污水预处理前后污染负荷和污染组成的变化情况。通过该实验，加强了学生对理论知识的思考与应用，提升了科研素养，锻炼了分析和解决问题的能力，取得了较好的教学效果。

Abstract: In response to the limitations of traditional chemical experiment teaching, which tends to be overly fundamental with insufficient application, this study has incorporated a design-oriented experimental component into the teaching process. This approach involves providing open-ended research topics, guiding students through literature review, experimental design, hands-on experimentation, data analysis, and report writing. These steps aim to enhance students’ initiative, strengthen their practical skills, and help them develop a scientific research mindset. This paper takes the design-oriented experiment “Demulsification-Coagulation Pretreatment for Reducing Pollution Load in Wastewater” as an example. By employing analytical characterization techniques such as the Zeta potential analyzer, total organic carbon analyzer, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the study reveals changes in pollution load and composition during wastewater pretreatment. Through this experiment, students deepened their understanding and application of theoretical knowledge, improved their scientific research literacy, and honed their abilities to analyze and solve problems, thereby achieving notable instructional outcomes.