基于“因专施教”的《大学物理》课程体系构建与实施路径研究

Research on the Construction and Implementation Path of the “College Physics” Curriculum System Based on “Discipline-Specific Teaching”

摘要: 针对传统《大学物理》课程与专业人才培养需求脱节的问题，沈阳航空航天大学自2019年起开展了“因专施教”教学模式改革。通过构建“公共基础 + 专业特色”的模块化课程体系，系统化建设专业案例库，创新“激–析–用–辩”四阶递进教学法，建立全过程多元评价机制，有效解决了教学内容统一化、教学方法单一化、评价方式标准化等突出问题。该改革实践与2025年《高等教育学科专业设置调整优化行动方案(2025~2027年)》的政策导向高度契合，通过强化物理课程与专业教育的有机衔接，显著提升了学生的知识应用能力和创新思维，为理工科基础课程教学改革提供了可资借鉴的实践模式。

Abstract: In response to the disconnection between the traditional “College Physics” course and the demands of professional talent cultivation, Shenyang Aerospace University has initiated a “Discipline-Specific Teaching” reform since 2019. By establishing a modular curriculum system of “public basic course + specialty feature”, systematically building a professional case library, innovating the “stimulate-analyze-apply-debate” four-stage progressive teaching method, and establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation mechanism throughout the entire process, the reform effectively addressed the prominent issues of uniform teaching content, monotonous teaching methods, and standardized evaluation methods. This reform practice is highly consistent with the policy orientation of the “Action Plan for the Adjustment and Optimization of Higher Education Disciplines and Specialties (2025~2027),” which was released in 2025. Through strengthening the organic connection between physics courses and professional education, it has significantly enhanced students’ knowledge application abilities and innovative thinking, providing a practical model for the teaching reform of basic science courses in science and engineering.