中国数字农业经济高质量发展水平测度及数字普惠金融对其影响的研究

Research on the Measurement of High-Quality Development Level of China’s Digital Agricultural Economy and the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on It

摘要: 数字农业是信息技术与传统农业的融合，其发展水平高低直接影响社会经济发展基石的稳定，需要开展深入研究。本文以数字农业的发展环境、基础设施、人才资源、技术支持、绿色发展和产业效益为切入点，建立中国数字农业经济高质量发展的评价指标体系；运用灰色关联度结合TOPSIS法(即Technique for Orde Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution的缩写)的综合评价模型对中国31个省级行政单位2019年至2023年的数字农业经济发展情况进行了实证测算和评价，并建立了动态面板模型，以探究数字农业经济高质量发展水平的影响因素。研究发现，中国数字农业经济的高质量发展综合得分和排名整体呈现出相对稳定的态势，且各省数字农业经济高质量发展很缓慢；在全国范围内，不同省级行政单位的综合得分存在明显的差异，呈现出从东向西递减的趋势。然而，西部地区的进步势头却比东部更为显著。此外，数字普惠金融指数及其三个维度的二级指标、政策经济水平、基础设施水平和技术水平均对数字农业经济的高质量发展水平产生了显著的推动作用。

Abstract: Digital agriculture represents the integration of information technology with traditional agriculture. Its development level directly impacts the stability of the foundation for social and economic development, necessitating in-depth research. This study establishes an evaluation index system for the high-quality development of China’s digital agricultural economy, focusing on six dimensions: development environment, infrastructure, human resources, technological support, green development, and industrial benefits. A comprehensive evaluation model combining the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and TOPSIS method (short for Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is applied to conduct empirical measurement and evaluation of the digital agricultural economic development of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2019 to 2023. Additionally, a dynamic panel model is constructed to explore the influencing factors of the high-quality development level of the digital agricultural economy. The research findings indicate that the comprehensive scores and rankings of the high-quality development of China’s digital agricultural economy generally show a relatively stable trend, while the high-quality development of digital agriculture in various provinces progresses slowly. Across the country, there are significant differences in the comprehensive scores among different provinces, presenting a decreasing trend from the eastern to the western regions. However, the western region shows a more remarkable momentum of progress than the eastern region. Furthermore, the digital inclusive finance index and its three secondary indicators (at the dimensional level), policy and economic level, infrastructure level, and technological level all exert a significant promoting effect on the high-quality development level of the digital agricultural economy.