山西慈林山煤矿不同煤层含水层水化学特征研究

Study on the Water Chemical Characteristics of Aquifers in Different Coal Seams of Cilinshan Coal Mine, Shanxi Province

摘要: 山西慈林山煤矿3号、9号及15号煤层矿井主要充水水源是大气降水、第四系松散岩类孔隙水含水层地下水、二叠系碎屑岩类裂隙水含水层地下水、石炭系碳酸盐岩类裂隙岩溶水含水层地下水，这些水源在采掘活动过程中有诱发突涌水灾害的风险。为此，本研究采集并分析了各煤层矿井水水样，结果表明，3号煤层的水样以Ca²⁺和$HC{O}_3^{-}$ 为主，水质类型为HCO₃-Ca型，矿化度范围为743.60~1045.54 mg/L，表明地下水径流条件较好，其来源主要为大气降水或地表水补给，水循环交替条件较好；9号煤层的水样以Ca²⁺和$S{O}_4^{2-}$ 、$HC{O}_3^{-}$ 为主，水质类型为SO₄·HCO₃-Ca型，矿化度范围为846.00~1398.56 mg/L，表明地下水径流条件相对滞缓，水岩相互作用时间延长；15号煤层的水样以Ca²⁺和$S{O}_4^{2-}$ 为主，水质类型为SO₄-Ca型，矿化度范围为922.60~3279.18 mg/L，表明地下水处于高度封闭的水文地质环境中，地下水径流条件极差，水岩相互作用时间显著延长。研究结果对于深入认识矿区的水文地质条件，以及指导矿井水害防治具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract: The main water sources for coal seams No. 3, No. 9 and No. 15 of Cilinshan Coal Mine in Shanxi Province are atmospheric precipitation, groundwater from Quaternary loose rock pore water aquifers, groundwater from Permian clastic rock fissure water aquifers, and groundwater from Carboniferous carbonate rock fissure karst water aquifers. These water sources pose a risk of sudden water inrush disasters during mining activities. Therefore, this study collected and analyzed mine water samples from various coal seams. The results showed that the water sample from coal seam No. 3 was mainly composed of Ca²⁺ and $HC{O}_3^{-}$ , with an HCO₃-Ca type water quality and a mineralization range of 743.60~1045.54 mg/L, indicating relatively good groundwater flow conditions. The water source was mainly atmospheric precipitation or surface water recharge, and the water cycle was relatively good. The water sample from coal seam No. 9 was mainly composed of Ca²⁺, $S{O}_4^{2-}$ , and $HC{O}_3^{-}$ , with an SO₄·HCO₃-Ca type water quality and a mineralization range of 846.00~1398.56 mg/L, indicating relatively slow groundwater flow conditions and prolonged water-rock interaction time. The water sample from coal seam No. 15 was mainly composed of Ca²⁺ and $S{O}_4^{2-}$ , with an SO₄-Ca type water quality and a mineralization range of 922.60~3279.18 mg/L. The concentration of mg/L indicates that the groundwater is in a highly enclosed hydrogeological environment with extremely poor groundwater flow conditions and a significantly prolonged water-rock interaction time. The findings provide valuable reference for a deeper understanding of the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area and for guiding mine water hazard prevention and control.