凯里地区近18年酸雨pH值、K值的时空变化特征分析及整治成效

Analysis of the Spatial-Temporal Variation Characteristics of pH Value and K Value of Acid Rain in Kaili Area in the Past 1 Years and the Effectiveness of Remediation

摘要: 本文利用凯里地区近18年(2006~2023年)酸雨降水日采样监测数据，选择统计学方法分析当地酸雨pH值、K值的时空变化特征，并总结了相关整治成效。结果表明：凯里地区近18年(2006~2023年)年降水平均pH值为5.64整体趋势向碱性增加为主，平均每年以0.1047的速率递增；平均K值整体趋势向纯净增加为主，通过了显著性水平检验，说明pH值向碱性增加趋势极为显著；年内pH值以冬季pH值最小，其次是春季，而夏季和秋季pH值相当；凯里地区酸雨天气平均出现频率为37.3%，整体以下降趋势为主，平均每年以4.38%的速率递减，通过了显著性水平检验，说明递减趋势极为显著；尤以冬季出现酸雨天气的频率最高，其次是春季，而夏季和秋季相对较低；可分别从加大政府监管力度、控制工业燃煤、做好污染物排放处理、优化能源结构等方面出发开展酸雨防治。

Abstract: In this paper, the statistical method is used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of local acid rain pH value and K in the past 18 years (2006~2023) based on the daily sampling monitoring data of acid rain precipitation in the Kaili area. Relevant remediation effects are summarized. The results show that the average annual pH value in the Kaili area in the past 18 years (2006~2023) is 5.64, and the overall trend is mainly alkaline. The average annual increase rate is 0.1047; The average K value is mainly increasing, and the overall trend is pure. It has passed the test of significant level, indicating that the trend of pH value to alkalinity is extremely significant; The pH of the year is the smallest in winter, followed by spring, and the pH value in summer and autumn is almost the same; The average frequency of acid rain weather in Kail area is 37.3%, and the overall trend is mainly declining, with an average annual decrease rate of 4.38%, which has passed the test of level, indicating that the decreasing trend is extremely significant; especially in winter, the frequency of acid rain weather is the highest, followed by spring, and summer and autumn are relatively; Acid rain prevention and control can be carried out from increasing government supervision, controlling industrial coal burning, treating pollutant emissions, and optimizing the energy structure.