老年直肠癌患者营养风险评估与管理的研究进展

Research Progress on Nutritional Risk Assessment and Management of Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients

摘要: 目前，老年直肠癌患者营养不良已成为一个严重的临床问题。通过整合多维度评估指标，包括炎症–营养指标(如PNI、AGR)、代谢特征和肠道菌群，可以构建新型营养预后评估模型。采用跨学科研究方法，深入探索个体化营养干预的分子机制，可以突破传统评估方法的局限性，并提出新型综合营养预后指数。本文系统梳理近年来关于老年直肠癌患者营养风险的相关文献，发现老年直肠癌患者营养风险评估已从传统的单一指标向多维度、动态化的综合评估模式转变，个性化营养干预能够显著改善患者的生存质量。

Abstract: Malnutrition in elderly colorectal cancer patients has become a serious clinical problem recently. By integrating multi-dimensional assessment indicators, including inflammation-nutrition indices (e.g., PNI, AGR), metabolic characteristics, and gut microbiome, a novel nutritional prognostic assessment model can be constructed. Using a multidisciplinary research approach, the study explores the molecular mechanisms of personalized nutritional intervention, breaks through the limitations of traditional assessment methods, and proposes a new comprehensive nutritional prognostic index. Through a systematic review of recent literature on nutritional risk in elderly colorectal cancer patients, the study finds that nutritional risk assessment in elderly colorectal cancer patients has transformed from traditional single-indicator methods to a multi-dimensional, dynamic comprehensive assessment approach, with personalized nutritional intervention emerging as a key strategy for improving patient quality of life.