浅述中西医结合治疗下肢深静脉血栓的现状与思考

A Brief Overview and Reflection on the Current Status of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

摘要: 下肢深静脉血栓(Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis, LDVT)是临床高发的周围血管疾病，以血液在深静脉异常凝结为核心特征，属中医“股肿”范畴。急性期易并发病死率较高的肺栓塞(Pulmonary Embolism, PE)，但约20%~50%的LDVT患者在及时规范抗凝后仍会发展为血栓后综合征(Post Thrombotic Syndrome, PTS)，严重影响生活质量。西医以抗凝、溶栓为急性期核心治疗，但迁延期及后遗症期抗凝疗程争议、症状控制不足等问题突出。中西医结合治疗基于“急则先治标、缓则治本”原则，实现抗凝与活血的协同、达成局部对症与整体调理的统一。本文将系统阐述LDVT的中西医病因病机与治疗手段，着重探讨中西医结合在LDVT疾病全程管理方面的显著优势，为临床治疗提供思路。

Abstract: Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LDVT) is a common peripheral vascular disease in clinical practice, characterized by abnormal coagulation of blood in the deep veins and falls under the category of “thigh swelling” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). During the acute phase, it is prone to complications such as pulmonary embolism (PE) with high mortality. However, approximately 20%~50% of LDVT patients may still develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) even after timely and standardized anticoagulation, severely affecting their quality of life. Western medicine primarily uses anticoagulation and thrombolysis for acute-phase treatment, but issues such as controversy over the duration of anticoagulation in the subacute and sequela phases and insufficient symptom control are prominent. Integrated TCM and Western medicine treatment, based on the principle of “treat symptoms urgently and the root gradually,” achieves synergy between anticoagulation and blood activation, unifying local symptom management with overall regulation. This paper systematically elaborates the TCM and Western medicine etiologies and mechanisms of LDVT, treatment methods, and focuses on discussing the significant advantages of integrated TCM and Western medicine in the whole-course management of LDVT, providing ideas for clinical treatment.