青春期子宫内膜异位症药物治疗的最新研究进展

Recent Advances in Drug Treatment for Endometriosis in Adolescents

摘要: 子宫内膜异位症广泛被视为一种慢性炎症性疾病，需进行长期的管理与治疗。青春期的内异症患者是一个不容忽视的重要群体，而药物治疗则是其长期管理与生育力保留的关键手段。在选择药物治疗方案时，应充分考虑青少年的特殊生理特征，从而实现个体化治疗。目前治疗子宫内膜异位症的药物包括非甾体抗炎药、复方口服避孕药、孕激素以及促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)。为了更有效地开展长期管理工作，亟需开发新型治疗药物，以便在缓解子宫内膜异位症的同时维护患者的生育功能。本文旨在综述青少年子宫内膜异位症目前的药物治疗选择，以及新兴药物治疗的最新研究进展，期望能够延缓疾病进展、降低不良反应、保留生育力，并减少不良结局的发生。

Abstract: Endometriosis is widely regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease that requires long-term management and treatment. Adolescent patients with endometriosis are an important group that should not be overlooked, and drug therapy is a key means of long-term management and fertility preservation. When selecting a drug treatment regimen, the unique physiological characteristics of adolescents should be fully considered to achieve individualised treatment. Currently, there are numerous types of drugs available for the treatment of endometriosis, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, combined oral contraceptives, progestogens, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a). To manage this disease more effectively in the long term, there is an urgent need to develop new treatment methods that can alleviate the symptoms of endometriosis while protecting patients’ fertility. This article aims to review the pharmacological treatment options and basic pharmacological treatment research progress for adolescent endometriosis, with the goal of delaying disease progression, reducing side effects, protecting fertility, and lowering the risk of adverse outcomes.