基于A*算法的雷雨条件下航班流绕飞路径生成方法

Flight Stream Rerouting Path Generation Method under Thunderstorm Conditions Based on A* Algorithm

摘要: 针对雷雨条件下航班绕飞路径研究多基于理想化模拟场景、且聚焦单一航班最优路径，与实际空管运行需求存在差距的问题，本文提出一套面向实际应用的航班流绕飞路径生成与拓展方法。首先，设计包含二值化、去噪、像素聚类及边界提取的天气雷达图处理流程，构建有效寻路地图；其次，提出符合空管运行要求的绕飞航段分段策略；随后，模拟航空器从天气区域两侧绕飞的常规运行模式，迭代应用A*算法与视距缩减优化算法，生成多条可行绕飞路径；最后，参考拓扑学同胚概念，创新性地定义“同胚路径簇”，通过平行拓展策略进一步丰富绕飞路径解集。该方法旨在为雷雨条件下空中航班流全局规划提供具有较高可执行性的基础路径集合，有效弥补现有研究在实用性、可操作性及面向航班流规划方面的不足。

Abstract: Existing research on detour routes for flights under thunderstorm conditions mostly relies on idealized simulation scenarios and focuses on the optimal route for a single flight, creating a discrepancy between research outcomes and the practical operational requirements of air traffic control (ATC). To address this issue, this paper proposes a practical application-oriented method for generating and expanding detour routes for flight flows. Firstly, a weather radar image processing workflow including binarization, denoising, pixel clustering, and boundary extraction is designed to construct an effective pathfinding map. Secondly, a segment division strategy for detour route segments that meets ATC operational requirements is proposed. Subsequently, by simulating the conventional operational mode where aircraft takes detour routes around both sides of the weather-affected area, the A* algorithm combined with the line-of-sight reduction optimization algorithm is applied iteratively to generate multiple feasible detour routes. Finally, with reference to the topological concept of homeomorphism, the “homeomorphic flight paths” are innovatively defined, and the solution set of detour routes is further enriched through a parallel expansion strategy. This method aims to provide a set of basic routes with high executability for the global planning of air flight flows under thunderstorm conditions, effectively making up for the shortcomings of existing research in terms of practicality, operability, and adaptability to flight flow planning.