北京西部典型地下水回灌区域水量平衡分析

Analysis of Water Balance in the Typical Groundwater Recharge Regions of Western Beijing

摘要: 人工回灌是恢复地下水采补平衡、缓解水资源短缺及增强地表水与地下水联动的重要手段。本研究以北京市西郊典型砂石坑为对象，结合三维数字孪生体构建方法，建立水位库容关系和水量平衡模型，定量分析人工回灌和下渗过程。结果表明：降水和人工补给为研究区的主要入流来源；渗漏为主要的耗水途径，且随着水位增加渗漏量显著增加；入流和耗水过程受降水及人工回灌影响，呈阶段性波动。三维数字孪生体、水量平衡模型和水位、矩形堰、气象监测等手段相结合，为优化补水方案提供了支持，为类似区域地下水回灌设计、运行管理与水资源评价提供了重要参考。

Abstract: Groundwater recharge is a key measure for restoring water balance, alleviating water shortages, and enhancing the interaction between surface water and groundwater. In this study, a typical sand and gravel pit in the western Beijing is chosen and combined with three-dimensional digital twin construction methods. The water level-reservoir capacity relationship and water balance model were established to quantitatively analyze the processes of groundwater recharge and infiltration. The results indicate that precipitation and artificial replenishment are the main sources of inflow, while seepage is the main water consumption pathway, and seepage increases significantly as the water level rises. Inflow and water consumption processes are affected by precipitation and artificial recharge, resulting in periodic fluctuations. The combination of three-dimensional digital twins, water balance models and water levels, rectangular weirs, meteorological monitoring and other means provides support for optimizing water replenishment plans and serves as an important reference for groundwater recharge design, operation management and water resource evaluation in similar areas.