“新工科”与“人工智能”背景下《大地测量学基础》课程教改

Teaching Reform of “Fundamentals of Geodesy” under the Background of “New Engineering” and “Artificial Intelligence”

摘要: 在“新工科”建设与“人工智能”技术快速发展的时代背景下，传统《大地测量学基础》课程在教学内容、教学方法与育人模式上面临新的转型需求。文章立足于新工科教育理念，结合智能化教学工具与数据驱动学习环境，探索面向未来的《大地测量学基础》课程教学改革路径。首先，从课程体系重构、知识图谱构建与智能实验平台搭建三个维度，提出“理论–技术–应用”贯通的课程改革路径，实现地球空间信息认知的系统化、智能化与工程化。其次，构建基于人工智能赋能的“学–教–评–改”育人闭环，通过学习行为数据分析、智能反馈与自适应评价机制，促进学生学习能力、创新思维与工程素养的协同提升。最后，以教学实践为例，验证了AI技术在课堂教学、虚拟实验和知识可视化中的有效融合，为大地测量学类课程的智能化教改提供了可复制、可推广的经验模式。研究表明，该育人闭环机制能够显著提升学生的知识掌握深度与学习主动性，实现新工科背景下地学类课程的“智能育人”目标。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of “New Engineering” education and the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the traditional “Fundamentals of Geodesy” course faces new challenges in its content, teaching methods, and talent cultivation models. Guided by the philosophy of New Engineering education, this study integrates intelligent teaching tools and data-driven learning environments to explore a forward-looking reform path for the “Fundamentals of Geodesy” course. First, from the three dimensions of curriculum system reconstruction, knowledge graph development, and intelligent experimental platform building, a reform framework connecting “theory-technology-application” is proposed to achieve a systematic, intelligent, and engineering-oriented understanding of geospatial information. Second, an AI-empowered “learning-teaching-evaluation-improvement” closed-loop educational model is constructed. Through learning behavior analysis, intelligent feedback, and adaptive assessment mechanisms, this model promotes the coordinated enhancement of students’ learning abilities, innovative thinking, and engineering literacy. Finally, teaching practice demonstrates the effective integration of AI technologies in classroom instruction, virtual experiments, and knowledge visualization, providing a replicable and scalable model for intelligent reform of geodesy-related courses. The results show that this AI-driven educational loop significantly improves students’ depth of knowledge acquisition and learning initiative, realizing the goal of “intelligent education” in geoscience courses under the New Engineering paradigm.