中西医结合治疗浆细胞性乳腺炎的临床实践与协同作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on Clinical Practice and Mechanism of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Plasma Cell Mastitis

摘要: 浆细胞性乳腺炎(PCM)是一种以乳腺导管扩张和浆细胞浸润为特征的慢性非细菌性炎症，临床面临误诊率高、复发率高、乳房外形损伤风险大及常规抗生素疗效有限等挑战。西医以影像学和病理学为核心诊断方法，治疗依赖抗炎药物与手术，但存在药物副作用显著、术后复发率高等问题；中医认为其病机属肝郁胃热、痰瘀互结，通过分期辨证及内外合治实现整体调节。本综述系统梳理PCM中西医诊疗现状与机制进展，整合双方优势并分析现存局限，以期为优化PCM中西医结合诊疗方案、推动临床规范化实践提供参考。

Abstract: Plasma Cell Mastitis (PCM) is a chronic non-bacterial inflammatory disease characterized by mammary duct dilation and plasma cell infiltration. It is clinically challenged by multiple issues, including a high misdiagnosis rate, high recurrence rate, significant risk of breast deformity, and limited efficacy of conventional antibiotics. In Western medicine, imaging and pathological examinations serve as the core diagnostic approaches, while treatment relies on anti-inflammatory drugs and surgery. However, these methods are associated with problems, such as notable drug side effects and a high postoperative recurrence rate. From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the pathogenesis of PCM is attributed to liver stagnation with stomach heat and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis. TCM achieves systemic regulation through stage-based syndrome differentiation and combined internal and external treatments. This review systematically summarizes the current status of diagnosis, treatment, and mechanism research of PCM in both TCM and Western medicine, integrates their respective strengths, and analyzes existing limitations. It is intended to provide references for optimizing integrated TCM-Western medicine treatment regimens for PCM and promoting standardized clinical practice.