电商经济中第三方网络支付风险与法律治理

Risks and Legal Governance of Third-Party Online Payments in the E-Commerce Economy

摘要: 互联网浪潮席卷全球，现代科技手段不断创新。随着电子商务的蓬勃发展，以支付宝、微信为代表的第三方网络支付平台迅速崛起，以其便捷、高效、智能特性，深刻改变了支付生态。然而，第三方网络支付在便利人们生活的同时，也滋生许多不同于传统法律问题的风险。在第三方网络支付场景下，用户、商户、银行及支付机构等多方主体法律关系复杂性和权利义务模糊性对现行法律治理体系提出了全面挑战。因此，深入分析第三方网络支付存在的风险、厘清各方主体责任界限，构建风险防控多维机制，形成一套兼具适应性、协同性与可操作性的治理体系，已成为保障电子商务持续健康发展、维护金融秩序稳定有序运行的迫切任务。

Abstract: The wave of the internet has swept across the globe, driving continuous innovation in modern technological methods. With the vigorous growth of e-commerce, third-party online payment platforms, represented by Alipay and WeChat Pay, have rapidly emerged. Their convenient, efficient, and intelligent features have profoundly transformed the payment ecosystem. However, while third-party online payments bring convenience to daily life, they have also given rise to risks that differ from traditional legal issues. In the context of third-party online payments, the complexity of legal relationships and the ambiguity of rights and obligations among multiple parties—such as users, merchants, payment institutions, and banks—pose comprehensive challenges to the existing legal governance framework. Therefore, conducting an in-depth analysis of the risks associated with third-party online payments, clarifying the boundaries of responsibility among all involved parties, establishing a multi-dimensional risk prevention and control mechanism, and forming a governance system that is adaptive, collaborative, and operable have become urgent tasks. These measures are essential to ensuring the sustained and healthy development of e-commerce and maintaining the stable and orderly operation of financial order.