农村电商对农村家庭收入包容性增长的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Rural E-Commerce on Inclusive Growth of Rural Household Income

摘要: 在“数商兴农”推进农业生产数字化转型与“乡村振兴”的建设过程中，农村电商体现了数字经济与“三农”领域的深度融合，是推动农村经济高质量发展、助力农村家庭收入包容性增长、实现“共同富裕”的重要引擎。在此背景下，研究探究农村电商这一具体实践如何影响农村居民收入及其分配，具有重要的现实意义和政策参考价值。本文将中国家庭追踪调查数据库与阿里研究院公布的淘宝村名单进行匹配，得到2018年~2022年间的3期省级平衡面板，并构建双向固定效应模型，实证检验农村电商发展对农村家庭收入包容性增长的影响。研究表明，1) 农村电商发展对农村家庭人均纯收入有增收效应；2) 农村电商发展能有效缩小农村内部收入差距；3) 相较于我国中西部地区，东部地区农村居民能够从农村电商发展中获益更多。

Abstract: In the process of advancing the digital transformation of agricultural production under the “Digital Commerce for Rural Prosperity” initiative and the construction of “Rural Revitalization”, rural e-commerce reflects the deep integration of the digital economy with the agriculture, rural areas, and farmers sector. It serves as a crucial engine for promoting high-quality rural economic development, fostering inclusive income growth for rural households, and achieving “common prosperity”. Against this backdrop, studying how rural e-commerce—this specific practice—impacts rural residents’ income and its distribution holds significant practical relevance and policy reference value. This paper matches the China Household Income Project (CHIP) database with the list of Taobao Villages published by the Alibaba Research Institute, generating three balanced provincial panel datasets spanning 2018 to 2022. A two-way fixed-effects model is then constructed to empirically examine the impact of rural e-commerce development on the inclusive growth of rural household income. The findings reveal: 1) Rural e-commerce development has a positive effect on the per capita net income of rural households; 2) It effectively narrows income disparities within rural areas; 3) Compared to the central and western regions of China, rural residents in the eastern regions benefit more from rural e-commerce development.