元代李陵台题材诗歌书写新变

New Developments in Poetry Writing on the Theme of Li Ling Tai in the Yuan Dynasty

摘要: 较前朝，元代李陵台题材诗歌不仅数量多，题材也更为丰富。基于文学地理学视角，本文探讨在元王朝疆域辽阔，李陵台成为近上都的驿站的背景下，相关诗歌书写呈现的新变。其一，诗人的亲历体验使李陵台从虚拟文学景观转变为被真实描绘的草原风光与驿站实体文学景观，拓展了传统边塞诗的审美空间；其二，诗人对李陵事件的历史评议呈现多元化趋势，包含深切同情、传统批判及对司马迁与无名士卒的关怀，展现元代诗人的复杂心态；其三，李陵台意象承载了“望乡台”的羁旅悲情、送别离愁和元代盛世象征的文化意蕴。这些新变深刻体现了元代地缘政治变迁、民族交融与时代精神对李陵台文学景观书写的重塑。

Abstract: Compared with previous dynasties, Yuan Dynasty poetry on the theme of Li Ling Tai not only increased in quantity, but also enriched in thematic diversity. From the perspective of literary geography, this study explores the new developments in poetic depictions against the backdrop of the Yuan Empire’s vast territory, where Li Ling Tai functioned as a key relay station near Shangdu. First, poets’ firsthand experiences transformed Li Ling Tai from a literary imaginary into a realistically portrayed grassland landscape and physical station, expanding the aesthetic dimensions of traditional frontier poetry. Second, historical evaluations of Li Ling’s event diversified, revealing profound sympathy, traditional critiques, and nuanced attention to figures like Qian Sima and unnamed soldiers—reflecting the complex mentality of Yuan poets. Third, the imagery of Li Ling Tai evolved to embody cultural connotations as a “platform of nostalgia” evoking travelers’ melancholy, a symbol of farewell sorrow, and an emblem of the Yuan’s unified flourishing age. These transformations profoundly demonstrate how geopolitical shifts, ethnic integration, and the zeitgeist reshaped the literary landscape of Li Ling Tai during the Yuan Dynasty.