《十五贯》中的“冤案叙事”以及明代公案传奇社会批判性

The “Narrative of Wrongful Convictions” in Fifteen Strings of Strings and the Social Criticality of Public Case Legends in the Ming Dynasty

摘要: 清代朱素臣所作传奇剧本《十五贯》以双线并行的叙事结构讲述了发生在民间的两件冤案。两桩冤案围绕着熊家二兄弟展开，最终以清官托梦的形式完成了对真相的揭示。《十五贯》的冤案叙事结构暴露了明代司法的系统性缺陷，但批判性受限于“清官神话”和伦理教化的框架。以《十五贯》为代表的明代公案传奇具有的社会批判性既是现实矛盾的投射，也是民众心理的宣泄口。

Abstract: The legendary play Fifteen Strings of Strings, written by Suchen Zhu of the Qing Dynasty, tells two miscarriages of justice that occurred in the folk through a dual narrative structure. The two miscarriages of justice revolve around the two brothers of the Xiong family and ultimately reveal the truth in the form of a dream appearance by an upright official. The narrative structure of the wrongful convictions in Fifteen Strings of Strings reveals the systematic flaws in the judicial system of the Ming Dynasty, but its critical nature is confined by the framework of the “myth of upright officials” and ethical education. The social criticality of the Ming Dynasty’s public case legends represented by Fifteen Strings of Strings is not only a projection of real contradictions, but also an outlet for the public’s psychology.