腕舟骨骨折的中西医治疗进展

Advances in Traditional and Western Medical Treatment for Scaphoid Fractures

摘要: 腕舟骨骨折是常见腕部骨折，占腕骨骨折的71%，占所有骨科骨折的2%到7%，因其解剖结构及血液供应特殊、易漏诊且预后差等特点，是骨科临床重点关注病症。治疗腕舟骨骨折方法众多，但目前尚无明确选择标准，失治误治将导致骨折畸形愈合、创伤性关节炎、骨不连、缺血性坏死以及腕关节不稳等并发症，给患者带来极大痛苦。本文从腕舟骨的解剖结构及腕舟骨骨折的分型、非手术疗法、手术疗法、其他治疗5个方面对腕舟骨骨折的诊断与治疗进展进行了综述。

Abstract: Scaphoid fractures are common wrist fractures, accounting for 71% of carpal bone fractures and 2% to 7% of all orthopedic fractures. Due to their unique anatomical structure and blood supply, susceptibility to misdiagnosis, and poor prognosis, they represent a key focus in orthopedic clinical practice. Numerous treatment approaches exist for scaphoid fractures, yet no definitive selection criteria are currently established. Mismanagement or inadequate treatment may lead to complications such as malunion, post-traumatic arthritis, nonunion, avascular necrosis, and wrist instability, causing significant patient suffering. This review summarizes advances in the diagnosis and treatment of scaphoid fractures, covering five aspects: the anatomical structure of the scaphoid, classification of scaphoid fractures, non-surgical therapies, surgical therapies, and other treatments.