跨境电商出口法律风险与协同治理

Legal Risks and Collaborative Governance in Cross-Border E-Commerce Export

摘要: 随着跨境电子商务综合试验区的扩容与“双循环”战略的深入，跨境电子商务已成为我国外贸增长的核心驱动力。然而，其跨国性、虚拟性与匿名性也引发了多重法律风险，制约了行业的可持续发展。研究通过案例分析与规范研究，系统梳理了当前我国跨境电商出口业务面临的三大核心法律风险，即知识产权侵权、消费者权益侵害及用户个人信息滥用。深入剖析表明，风险成因根植于多方主体协同失灵，国内立法与国际规则差异显著，企业合规意识薄弱以及跨境监管协作机制缺失。为此，亟需构建“立法–监管–救济”三位一体的协同治理体系，具体对策包括：健全契合跨境电商特性的专项法律法规，强化出口商品的知识产权海关监管与源头审查，并建立高效便捷的国际在线纠纷解决机制，以系统性提升我国跨境电商的合规水平与国际竞争力。

Abstract: With the expansion of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones and the deepening of the “dual circulation” strategy, cross-border e-commerce has become the core driving force for China’s foreign trade growth. However, its transnational nature, virtuality and anonymity have also triggered multiple legal risks, which have restricted the sustainable development of the industry. Through case analysis and normative research, this study systematically sorts out the three major core legal risks faced by China’s cross-border e-commerce export business at present, namely, intellectual property infringement, consumer rights infringement and abuse of user personal information. In-depth analysis reveals that the root causes of risks lie in the failure of multiple entities, significant differences between domestic legislation and international rules, weak compliance awareness among enterprises, and the absence of cross-border regulatory cooperation mechanisms. To this end, it is urgently necessary to establish a trinity collaborative governance system of “legislation-supervision-relief”, and specific countermeasures include: improving specialized laws and regulations that are in line with the characteristics of cross-border e-commerce, strengthening customs supervision and source verification of export goods regarding intellectual property rights, and establishing an efficient and convenient online dispute resolution mechanism for international trade. This will systematically enhance the compliance level and international competitiveness of China’s cross-border e-commerce.