我国食用农产品质量安全追溯法律制度研究

Research on the Legal System of Traceability for Edible Agricultural Products Quality and Safety in China

摘要: 本文围绕我国食用农产品质量安全追溯法律制度的构建与完善展开系统研究。在消费升级与安全事件频发的背景下，建立全过程追溯体系至关重要。文章在梳理国内制度现状与法律框架的基础上，指出当前存在立法规定笼统且衔接不足、监管权责模糊与范围不全、追溯标准不一三大核心问题。通过比较借鉴欧盟与美国在立法、监管与标准层面的先进经验，本文从立法、监管与标准三个维度提出针对性优化策略：即在立法上细化规定、加强协同，在监管上优化模式、明晰权责、扩大范围并强化风险管控，在标准上统一编码与数据规范，以期为构建系统、高效、法治化的食用农产品质量安全追溯制度提供理论参考与实践路径。

Abstract: This paper conducts a systematic study on the construction and improvement of the legal system for the quality traceability of edible agricultural products in China. In the context of consumption upgrading and frequent safety incidents, establishing a full-process traceability system is of utmost importance. Based on the review of the current domestic institutional status and legal framework, the article points out three core issues currently existing: overly general legislative provisions with insufficient connection, ambiguous regulatory responsibilities and incomplete scope, and inconsistent traceability standards. By comparing and drawing on the advanced experiences of the EU and the United States in legislation, regulation, and standards, this paper proposes targeted optimization strategies from three dimensions: legislation—to refine provisions and enhance coordination; regulation—to optimize models, clarify responsibilities and scope, expand the range, and strengthen risk control; standards—to unify coding and data norms. The aim is to provide theoretical references and practical paths for constructing a systematic, efficient, and law-based traceability system for the quality of edible agricultural products.