中青年维持性血液透析患者重返工作准备度现状及影响因素研究

Study on the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Readiness for Return-to-Work in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

摘要: 目的：调查中青年维持性血液透析患者重返工作准备度现况，分析其影响因素，以期为实施干预策略、提高患者重返工作准备度、使患者最大限度地回归社会提供理论依据。方法：采取便利抽样法，选取2023年7月1日到2023年12月31日在安徽省某市14家医疗机构的146名中青年维持性血液透析患者为研究对象，采用问卷调查的方式进行横断面研究，分析影响中青年维持性血液透析患者重返工作准备度的主要因素，及其不同的影响强度。结果：被调查的146名患者中，已返岗患者占35.62%，单因素分析结果显示：家庭人均月收入、社会支持、自我效能是中青年MHD患者重返工作岗位的重要影响因素。结论：中青年MHD患者的重返工作准备度有待提高。加强与患者的沟通，根据不同的患者需求，有针对性地进行引导，鼓励其积极参与社会活动，增强其自我效能，以获得更高的社会支持，从而提高患者的重返工作准备度。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of the readiness for return-to-work in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide the theoretical basis for implementing intervention strategies, improving the readiness for return-to-work, and maximizing patients’ return to society. Methods: A total of 146 young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis from July 1 to December 31, 2023 from 14 medical institutions in a city in Anhui province were selected by convenience sampling. A cross-sectional study using questionnaires was conducted to analyze the main factors affecting the readiness for return-to-work of young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis and their varying degrees of impact. Results: Of the 146 patients surveyed, 35.62% had returned to work. The results of univariate analysis showed that family month income, social support and self-efficacy were important factors influencing young and middle-aged MHD patients to return to work. Conclusion: Young and middle-aged MHD patients should be prepared to return to work. Strengthening communication with patients, providing targeted guidance according to different needs of patients, encouraging their active participation in social activities, enhancing their self-efficacy, and increasing social support are essential strategies to improve the patient’s readiness for return-to-work.