气单胞菌属潜在毒力因子研究现状
Research Progress on Potential Virulence Factors of Aeromonas
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15123484, PDF,   
作者: 李彩虹, 张晓兵*：重庆医科大学附属第一医院医学检验科，重庆
关键词: 气单胞菌属；毒力因子；毒力基因；宿主免疫；治疗策略；Aeromonas； Virulence Factors； Virulence Genes； Host Immunity； Therapeutic Strategy
摘要: 气单胞菌属是一类广泛分布于水生环境的革兰氏阴性菌，可导致人类、鱼类及其他水生动物的多种疾病。毒力因子的检测在评估其致病潜力中具有关键意义。气单胞菌的毒力具有多因素和多功能特征，涉及多种毒力因子，包括毒力基因、结构成分、分泌系统和蛋白表达。此外，毒力因子的表达还受到群体感应的调控，使细菌能够黏附、定植并突破宿主的免疫防御，从而引发感染。本综述按照病原体感染的逻辑步骤，系统阐述气单胞菌从黏附定植、营养获取、组织损伤到免疫逃逸的完整致病过程，重点介绍病原体–宿主互作机制及基于毒力因子的新型治疗策略最新研究进展，为气单胞菌感染的防控及新型治疗策略的开发提供参考。
Abstract: The Aeromonas comprises a group of Gram-negative bacteria that are widely distributed in aquatic environments and are capable of causing various diseases in humans, fish, and other aquatic animals. Detecting virulence factors is crucial for assessing their pathogenic potential. The virulence of Aeromonas is characterized by multifactorial and multifunctional traits, involving various virulence factors such as virulence genes, structural components, secretion systems, and protein expression. Additionally, the expression of virulence factors is regulated by quorum sensing, enabling bacteria to adhere, colonize, and breach host immune defenses, thereby triggering infections. This review systematically describes the complete pathogenic process of Aeromonas from adhesion and colonization, nutrient acquisition, tissue damage to immune evasion according to the logical steps of pathogen infection, focusing on pathogen-host interaction mechanisms and the latest research progress on novel therapeutic strategies based on virulence factors, providing references for the prevention and control of Aeromonas infections and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
文章引用：李彩虹, 张晓兵. 气单胞菌属潜在毒力因子研究现状[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(12): 899-907. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15123484

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