安徽省某三甲医院医护人员睡眠质量以及影响因素研究

Research on Sleep Quality and Influencing Factors among Medical Staff in a Tertiary Hospital in Anhui Province, China

摘要: 目的：了解某三甲医院医护人员的睡眠质量现况，探讨其影响因素，为相关部门制定相应政策，保障医护人员的健康提供参考依据。方法：于2024年7月，采用匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)和抑郁–焦虑–压力量表(DASS-21)对某三甲医院的医护人员(以中青年医护人员群体为主)进行电子问卷调查，分析医护人员的睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠障碍及日间功能障碍等。结果：1) 调查显示，医护人员有睡眠障碍者528名，检出率为57.64%；无睡眠障碍者388名，检出率为42.35%。医护人员睡眠总体水平较差(PSQI = 9.16 ± 6.354)。2) 单因素分析显示，不同性别、运动情况以及BMI的医护人员睡眠质量比较，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，且睡眠质量对记忆力是否下降来看，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。3) 睡眠效率与睡眠时间在不同年龄层阶段，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。4) 不同血压控制情况的医护人员主观睡眠质量相比较，差异具有统计学意义，(p < 0.05)。有不良生活嗜好(抽烟、饮酒)的医护人员睡眠障碍单因素相比，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。5) 医护人员的焦虑程度与睡眠质量呈正相关，运动时长(次数)与睡眠质量呈负相关。焦虑情绪是影响医护人员睡眠质量的主要因素。结论：该三甲医院医护人员的睡眠质量较差且存在较为普遍，尤其是中青年、已婚、女性及缺乏锻炼及爱好抽烟喝酒的医护人员。该院的医护人员睡眠障碍与焦虑都存在相关性。院方应加强针对上述相关因素的干预措施，及时采取减少焦虑、抑郁等情绪的预防措施，改善医护人员的睡眠质量。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to investigate the sleep quality of medical staff in a tertiary hospital, explore the influencing factors, and provide a reference for relevant departments to formulate policies that ensure the health of medical personnel. Methods: In July 2024, a survey was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) among medical staff (mainly young and middle-aged) in a tertiary hospital. The survey assessed their sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction. Results: 1) Among the respondents, 528 (57.64%) had sleep disorders, while 388 (42.35%) did not. The overall sleep quality of the medical staff was poor, with a PSQI score of 9.65 ± 6.354. 2) Univariate analysis showed that sleep quality was significantly different across gender, exercise habits, and BMI (P < 0.05). Memory decline was also statistically associated with poor sleep quality (P < 0.05). 3) Sleep efficiency and sleep duration varied significantly across different age groups (P < 0.05). 4) There were significant differences in subjective sleep quality among staff with different blood pressure control statuses (P < 0.05). Additionally, medical staff with unhealthy habits, such as smoking and drinking, had significantly higher rates of sleep disorders (P < 0.05). 5) The level of anxiety among healthcare workers is negatively correlated with sleep quality, while the duration (number) of exercise is positively correlated with sleep quality. Anxiety was identified as a primary factor affecting sleep quality. Conclusion: The sleep quality of medical staff in this tertiary hospital is generally poor, especially among young and middle-aged staff, married individuals, females, and those who smoke or drink. Anxiety was closely related to sleep disturbances among these healthcare workers. The hospital should intervene by addressing anxiety and other factors to improve the sleep quality of its medical staff.