环状RNA (circRNA)在肾细胞癌中的研究进展：生物发生、生物学功能及临床意义
Research Progress on circRNA in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): Biogenesis, Biological Functions, and Clinical Significance
摘要: 环状RNA (circRNA)是一类具有共价闭环结构的非编码RNA，凭借稳定性高、时空表达特异、丰度高等独特特性，在多种生理与病理过程中发挥关键调控作用，尤其与癌症的发生发展密切相关。肾细胞癌(RCC)作为常见恶性肿瘤，其诊疗仍面临挑战，而circRNA在RCC中的功能机制与临床价值逐渐成为研究热点。本文系统综述了circRNA的生物发生机制(包括套索驱动、内含子配对驱动、RBP介导及pre-tRNA驱动的环化剪接四种模型)、核心生物学特征及主要功能(如充当miRNA海绵、与蛋白质相互作用、调控转录/选择性剪接、翻译生成肽段等)，重点阐述了circRNA在RCC中的具体作用(如circGRAMD4促进癌细胞生长、circPVT1增强细胞转移能力等)，并分析了circRNA作为RCC诊断与预后生物标志物、治疗靶点的潜力，同时展望了其在肿瘤诊疗及circRNA疫苗开发领域的应用前景。本文旨在为深入理解circRNA在RCC中的作用机制提供参考，为RCC的精准诊疗研究提供新思路。
Abstract: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed circular structure. Endowed with unique characteristics including high stability, spatiotemporal expression specificity, and high abundance, they play crucial regulatory roles in various physiological and pathological processes, and are particularly closely associated with the occurrence and development of cancer. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor, and its diagnosis and treatment still face challenges. However, the functional mechanisms and clinical value of circRNAs in RCC have gradually become a research focus. This article systematically reviews the biogenesis mechanisms of circRNAs (including four models: lariat-driven circularization, intron-pairing-driven circularization, RBP-mediated circularization, and pre-tRNA-driven circular splicing), their core biological characteristics, and main functions (such as acting as miRNA sponges, interacting with proteins, regulating transcription/alternative splicing, and translating into peptides). It focuses on elaborating the specific roles of circRNAs in RCC (e.g., circGRAMD4 promotes cancer cell growth; circPVT1 enhances cell metastasis ability) and analyzes the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for RCC. Meanwhile, it prospects the application prospects of circRNAs in the fields of tumor diagnosis and treatment and circRNA vaccine development. This article aims to provide a reference for in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of circRNAs in RCC and offer new ideas for the research on precise diagnosis and treatment of RCC.
文章引用：张方涛, 甘立峰, 钟海东, 谢明贵, 钱彪. 环状RNA (circRNA)在肾细胞癌中的研究进展：生物发生、生物学功能及临床意义[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(12): 998-1008. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15123496

参考文献

[1] Liu, Y., Ao, X., Yu, W., Zhang, Y. and Wang, J. (2022) Biogenesis, Functions, and Clinical Implications of Circular RNAs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecular Therapy Nucleic Acids, 27, 50-72. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Kolakofsky, D. (1976) Isolation and Characterization of Sendai Virus DI-RNAs. Cell, 8, 547-555. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Capel, B., Swain, A., Nicolis, S., Hacker, A., Walter, M., Koopman, P., et al. (1993) Circular Transcripts of the Testis-Determining Gene Sry in Adult Mouse Testis. Cell, 73, 1019-1030. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Schroeder, R., Breitenbach, M. and Schweyen, R.J. (1983) Mitochondria Circular RNAs Are Absent in Sporulating Cells Ofsaccharomyces Cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Research, 11, 1735-1746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Zhou, X., Ao, X., Jia, Z., Li, Y., Kuang, S., Du, C., et al. (2022) Non-Coding RNA in Cancer Drug Resistance: Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Frontiers in Oncology, 12, Article 951864. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Hallajzadeh, J., Amirani, E., Mirzaei, H., Shafabakhsh, R., Mirhashemi, S.M., Sharifi, M., et al. (2020) Circular RNAs: New Genetic Tools in Melanoma. Biomarkers in Medicine, 14, 563-571. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Memczak, S., Jens, M., Elefsinioti, A., Torti, F., Krueger, J., Rybak, A., et al. (2013) Circular RNAs Are a Large Class of Animal RNAs with Regulatory Potency. Nature, 495, 333-338. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Jeck, W.R., Sorrentino, J.A., Wang, K., Slevin, M.K., Burd, C.E., Liu, J., et al. (2013) Circular RNAs Are Abundant, Conserved, and Associated with ALU Repeats. RNA, 19, 141-157. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Du, W.W., Fang, L., Yang, W., Wu, N., Awan, F.M., Yang, Z., et al. (2017) Induction of Tumor Apoptosis through a Circular RNA Enhancing Foxo3 Activity. Cell Death & Differentiation, 24, 357-370. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Pamudurti, N.R., Bartok, O., Jens, M., Ashwal-Fluss, R., Stottmeister, C., Ruhe, L., et al. (2017) Translation of CircRNAs. Molecular Cell, 66, 9-21.e7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Chen, L.L. (2016) The Biogenesis and Emerging Roles of Circular RNAs. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 17, 205-211. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Borran, S., Ahmadi, G., Rezaei, S., Anari, M.M., Modabberi, M., Azarash, Z., et al. (2020) Circular RNAs: New Players in Thyroid Cancer. Pathology—Research and Practice, 216, Article 153217. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Guarnerio, J., Bezzi, M., Jeong, J.C., Paffenholz, S.V., Berry, K., Naldini, M.M., et al. (2016) Oncogenic Role of Fusion-CircRNAs Derived from Cancer-Associated Chromosomal Translocations. Cell, 166, 1055-1056. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Li, Z., Huang, C., Bao, C., Chen, L., Lin, M., Wang, X., et al. (2015) Exon-intron Circular RNAs Regulate Transcription in the Nucleus. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 22, 256-264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Zhang, X.O., Wang, H.B., Zhang, Y., et al. (2014) Complementary Sequence-Mediated Exon Circularization. Cell, 159, 134-147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Wang, M., Yu, F. and Li, P. (2023) Noncoding RNAs as an Emerging Resistance Mechanism to Immunotherapies in Cancer: Basic Evidence and Therapeutic Implications. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, Article 1268745. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Guo, Y., Yang, J., Huang, Q., Hsueh, C., Zheng, J., Wu, C., et al. (2019) Circular RNAs and Their Roles in Head and Neck Cancers. Molecular Cancer, 18, Article No. 44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Chen, T., Xiang, J., Yin, Q., Xing, Y., et al. (2013) Circular Intronic Long Noncoding RNAs. Molecular Cell, 51, 792-806. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Salzman, J., Gawad, C., Wang, P.L., Lacayo, N. and Brown, P.O. (2012) Circular RNAs Are the Predominant Transcript Isoform from Hundreds of Human Genes in Diverse Cell Types. PLOS ONE, 7, e30733. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Liang, D. and Wilusz, J.E. (2014) Short Intronic Repeat Sequences Facilitate Circular RNA Production. Genes & Development, 28, 2233-2247. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Li, H., Lan, T., Liu, H., Liu, C., Dai, J., Xu, L., et al. (2022) IL-6-Induced cGGNBP2 Encodes a Protein to Promote Cell Growth and Metastasis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology, 75, 1402-1419.
[22] Zheng, Q., Bao, C., Guo, W., et al. (2016) Circular RNA Profiling Reveals an Abundant CircHIPK3 That Regulates Cell Growth by Sponging Multiple miRNAs. Nature Communications, 7, Article No. 11215. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Yang, T., Shen, P., Chen, Q., et al. (2021) FUS-Induced CircRHOBTB3 Facilitates Cell Proliferation via miR-600/NACC1 Mediated Autophagy Response in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 40, Article 261. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Ma, S., Kong, S., Wang, F. and Ju, S. (2020) CircRNAs: Biogenesis, Functions, and Role in Drug-Resistant Tumours. Molecular Cancer, 19, Article No. 119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Ivanov, A., Memczak, S., Wyler, E., Torti, F., Porath, H.T., Orejuela, M.R., et al. (2015) Analysis of Intron Sequences Reveals Hallmarks of Circular RNA Biogenesis in Animals. Cell Reports, 10, 170-177. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Lasda, E. and Parker, R. (2014) Circular RNAs: Diversity of Form and Function. RNA, 20, 1829-1842. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Pamudurti, N.R., Patop, I.L., Krishnamoorthy, A., Bartok, O., Maya, R., Lerner, N., et al. (2022) CircMbl Functions in Cis and in Trans to Regulate Gene Expression and Physiology in a Tissue-Specific Fashion. Cell Reports, 39, Article No. 110740. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Conn, S.J., Pillman, K.A., Toubia, J., Conn, V.M., Salmanidis, M., Phillips, C.A., et al. (2015) The RNA Binding Protein Quaking Regulates Formation of CircRNAs. Cell, 160, 1125-1134. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Xi, Y., Shen, Y., Wu, D., Zhang, J., Lin, C., Wang, L., et al. (2022) CircBCAR3 Accelerates Esophageal Cancer Tumorigenesis and Metastasis via Sponging miR-27a-3p. Molecular Cancer, 21, Article No. 145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Shen, Y., Zhang, N., Chai, J., Wang, T., Ma, C., Han, L., et al. (2023) Circpdia4 Induces Gastric Cancer Progression by Promoting ERK1/2 Activation and Enhancing Biogenesis of Oncogenic CircRNAs. Cancer Research, 83, 538-552. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Lu, Z., Filonov, G.S., Noto, J.J., Schmidt, C.A., Hatkevich, T.L., Wen, Y., et al. (2015) Metazoan tRNA Introns Generate Stable Circular RNAs in Vivo. RNA, 21, 1554-1565. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Shen, H., Liu, B., Xu, J., Zhang, B., Wang, Y., Shi, L., et al. (2021) Circular RNAs: Characteristics, Biogenesis, Mechanisms and Functions in Liver Cancer. Journal of Hematology & Oncology, 14, Article No. 134. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Schmidt, C.A., Giusto, J.D., Bao, A., Hopper, A.K. and Matera, A.G. (2019) Molecular Determinants of Metazoan TricRNA Biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Research, 47, 6452-6465. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Enuka, Y., Lauriola, M., Feldman, M.E., Sas-Chen, A., Ulitsky, I. and Yarden, Y. (2016) Circular RNAs Are Long-Lived and Display Only Minimal Early Alterations in Response to a Growth Factor. Nucleic Acids Research, 44, 1370-1383. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Zhang, Y., Xue, W., Li, X., Zhang, J., Chen, S., Zhang, J., et al. (2016) The Biogenesis of Nascent Circular RNAs. Cell Reports, 15, 611-624. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Jeck, W.R. and Sharpless, N.E. (2014) Detecting and Characterizing Circular RNAs. Nature Biotechnology, 32, 453-461. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Szabo, L., Morey, R., Palpant, N.J., Wang, P.L., Afari, N., Jiang, C., et al. (2015) Statistically Based Splicing Detection Reveals Neural Enrichment and Tissue-Specific Induction of Circular RNA during Human Fetal Development. Genome Biology, 16, Article No. 126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Li, X., Yang, L. and Chen, L.L. (2018) The Biogenesis, Functions, and Challenges of Circular RNAs. Molecular Cell, 71, 428-442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[39] Hanan, M., Soreq, H. and Kadener, S. (2016) CircRNAs in the Brain. RNA Biology, 14, 1028-1034. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] Salzman, J., Chen, R.E., Olsen, M.N., Wang, P.L. and Brown, P.O. (2013) Cell-Type Specific Features of Circular RNA Expression. PLOS Genetics, 9, e1003777. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] You, X., Vlatkovic, I., Babic, A., Will, T., Epstein, I., Tushev, G., et al. (2015) Neural Circular RNAs Are Derived from Synaptic Genes and Regulated by Development and Plasticity. Nature Neuroscience, 18, 603-610. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] He, Y., Huang, H., Jin, L., Zhang, F., Zeng, M., Wei, L., et al. (2020) CircZNF609 Enhances Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Metastasis, and Stemness by Activating the Hedgehog Pathway through the Regulation of miR-15a-5p/15b-5p and GLI2 Expressions. Cell Death & Disease, 11, Article No. 358. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[43] Jiang, X., Xing, L., Chen, Y., Qin, R., Song, S., Lu, Y., et al. (2021) CircMEG3 Inhibits Telomerase Activity by Reducing Cbf5 in Human Liver Cancer Stem Cells. Molecular Therapy—Nucleic Acids, 23, 310-323. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] Venø, M.T., Hansen, T.B., Venø, S.T., Clausen, B.H., Grebing, M., Finsen, B., et al. (2015) Spatio-Temporal Regulation of Circular RNA Expression during Porcine Embryonic Brain Development. Genome Biology, 16, Article No. 245. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[45] Vo, J.N., Cieslik, M., Zhang, Y., Shukla, S., Xiao, L., Zhang, Y., et al. (2019) The Landscape of Circular RNA in Cancer. Cell, 176, 869-881.e13. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Du, W.W., Yang, W., Liu, E., Yang, Z., Dhaliwal, P. and Yang, B.B. (2016) Foxo3 Circular RNA Retards Cell Cycle Progression via Forming Ternary Complexes with P21 and CDK2. Nucleic Acids Research, 44, 2846-2858. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Li, X.X., Xiao, L., Chung, H.K., et al. (2020) Interaction between HuR and circPABPN1 Modulates Autophagy in the Intestinal Epithelium by Altering ATG16L1 Translation. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 40, e00492-19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[48] Abdelmohsen, K., Panda, A.C., Munk, R., Grammatikakis, I., Dudekula, D.B., De, S., et al. (2017) Identification of Hur Target Circular RNAs Uncovers Suppression of PABPN1 Translation by CircPABPN1. RNA Biology, 14, 361-369. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[49] Holdt, L.M., Stahringer, A., Sass, K., Pichler, G., Kulak, N.A., Wilfert, W., et al. (2016) Circular Non-Coding RNA ANRIL Modulates Ribosomal RNA Maturation and Atherosclerosis in Humans. Nature Communications, 7, Article No. 12429. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[50] Piwecka, M., Glažar, P., Hernandez-Miranda, L.R., Memczak, S., Wolf, S.A., Rybak-Wolf, A., et al. (2017) Loss of a Mammalian Circular RNA Locus Causes miRNA Deregulation and Affects Brain Function. Science, 357.
[51] Hansen, T.B., Jensen, T.I., Clausen, B.H., Bramsen, J.B., Finsen, B., Damgaard, C.K., et al. (2013) Natural RNA Circles Function as Efficient MicroRNA Sponges. Nature, 495, 384-388. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[52] Rupaimoole, R., Calin, G.A., Lopez-Berestein, G. and Sood, A.K. (2016) miRNA Deregulation in Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Discovery, 6, 235-246. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[53] Kohlhapp, F.J., Mitra, A.K., Lengyel, E. and Peter, M.E. (2015) MicroRNAs as Mediators and Communicators between Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment. Oncogene, 34, 5857-5868. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[54] Yang, Y., Fan, X., Mao, M., Song, X., Wu, P., Zhang, Y., et al. (2017) Extensive Translation of Circular RNAs Driven by N6-Methyladenosine. Cell Research, 27, 626-641. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[55] Liang, W.C., Wong, C.W., Liang, P.P., et al. (2019) Translation of the Circular RNA Circβ-Catenin Promotes Liver Cancer Cell Growth through Activation of the Wnt Pathway. Genome Biology, 20, Article No. 84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[56] Legnini, I., Di Timoteo, G., Rossi, F., Morlando, M., Briganti, F., Sthandier, O., et al. (2017) Circ-ZNF609 Is a Circular RNA That Can Be Translated and Functions in Myogenesis. Molecular Cell, 66, 22-37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[57] Zhang, Z., Carriero, N. and Gerstein, M. (2004) Comparative Analysis of Processed Pseudogenes in the Mouse and Human Genomes. Trends in Genetics, 20, 62-67. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[58] Zhang, Z.L., Harrison, P.M., Liu, Y., et al. (2003) Millions of Years of Evolution Preserved: A Comprehensive Catalog of the Processed Pseudogenes in the Human Genome. Genome Research, 13, 2541-2558. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[59] Dong, R., Zhang, X.O., Zhang, Y., et al. (2016) CircRNA-Derived Pseudogenes. Cell Research, 26, 747-750. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[60] Conn, V.M., Hugouvieux, V., Nayak, A., Conos, S.A., Capovilla, G., Cildir, G., et al. (2017) A CircRNA from SEPALLATA3 Regulates Splicing of Its Cognate mRNA through R-Loop Formation. Nature Plants, 3, Article 17053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[61] Li, Y., Zheng, Q., Bao, C., Li, S., Guo, W., Zhao, J., et al. (2015) Circular RNA Is Enriched and Stable in Exosomes: A Promising Biomarker for Cancer Diagnosis. Cell Research, 25, 981-984. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[62] Jing, Y., Shang-Guan, H.C., Cai, J., et al. (2025) Hsa_circ 0059511 Promote Glioma Cell Proliferation and Migration through Hsa-miR-194-5p/HBEGF Axis. Cancer Cell International, 25, 219.
[63] Weng, W., Wei, Q., Toden, S., Yoshida, K., Nagasaka, T., Fujiwara, T., et al. (2017) Circular RNA ciRS-7—A Promising Prognostic Biomarker and a Potential Therapeutic Target in Colorectal Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 23, 3918-3928. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[64] Arnaiz, E., Sole, C., Manterola, L., Iparraguirre, L., Otaegui, D. and Lawrie, C.H. (2019) CircRNAs and Cancer: Biomarkers and Master Regulators. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 58, 90-99. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[65] Heitzer, E., Haque, I.S., Roberts, C.E.S. and Speicher, M.R. (2019) Current and Future Perspectives of Liquid Biopsies in Genomics-Driven Oncology. Nature Reviews Genetics, 20, 71-88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[66] Wang, S., Zhang, K., Tan, S., Xin, J., Yuan, Q., Xu, H., et al. (2021) Circular RNAs in Body Fluids as Cancer Biomarkers: The New Frontier of Liquid Biopsies. Molecular Cancer, 20, Article No. 13. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[67] Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D., Wagle, N.S. and Jemal, A. (2023) Cancer Statistics, 2023. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 73, 17-48. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[68] GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators (2025) Burden of 375 Diseases and Injuries, Risk-Attributable Burden of 88 Risk Factors, and Healthy Life Expectancy in 204 Countries and Territories, Including 660 Subnational Locations, 1990-2023: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406, 1873-922.
[69] Vasudev, N.S., Wilson, M., Stewart, G.D., Adeyoju, A., Cartledge, J., Kimuli, M., et al. (2020) Challenges of Early Renal Cancer Detection: Symptom Patterns and Incidental Diagnosis Rate in a Multi-Centre Prospective UK Cohort of Patients Presenting with Suspected Renal Cancer. BMJ Open, 10, e035938. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[70] Campbell, S.C. (2020) Commentary RE: Increased Incidence of Serendipitously Discovered Renal Cell Carcinoma. Urology, 145, Article 333. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[71] Gudbjartsson, T., Thoroddsen, A., Petursdottir, V., Hardarson, S., Magnusson, J. and Einarsson, G.V. (2005) Effect of Incidental Detection for Survival of Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results of Population-Based Study of 701 Patients. Urology, 66, 1186-1191. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[72] Bahadoram, S., Davoodi, M., Hassanzadeh, S., et al. (2022) Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Overview of the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. The Italian Journal of Nephrology, 39, 2022-vol3.
[73] Zhou, M., Chen, M., Zheng, Z., Li, Q., Liao, L., Wang, Y., et al. (2025) CircRNA GRAMD4 Induces NBR1 Expression to Promote Autophagy and Immune Escape in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Autophagy, 21, 2332-2352. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[74] Zhang, H., Tao, T., Ji, J., Zhao, T., Sun, S., Zhang, L., et al. (2025) CircPVT1 Promotes Lung Metastasis and Tumor Progression in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Encoding the cP104aa Peptide and Targeting EIF4A3. Advanced Science, 2025, e01211. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[75] Wang, Y., Zhao, D., Lu, J., Hou, N., Wu, Q., Zhou, S., et al. (2025) The Molecular Axis hnRNPU/circKCNK2/EDC4/IL-11 Aggravates Osteolytic Bone Metastasis of RCC. Oncogene, 44, 3310-3332. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[76] Wang, Y., Yang, T., Li, Q., Zheng, Z., Liao, L., Cen, J., et al. (2025) Circasap1 Induces Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Ferroptosis by Binding to HNRNPC and Thereby Regulating GPX4. Molecular Cancer, 24, Article No. 1. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[77] Zheng, Z., Zeng, X., Zhu, Y., Leng, M., Zhang, Z., Wang, Q., et al. (2024) CircPPAP2B Controls Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via HNRNPC-Dependent Alternative Splicing and Targeting the miR-182-5p/Cyp1b1 Axis. Molecular Cancer, 23, Article No. 4. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[78] Yao, Y., Wang, T., Li, S., Song, Q. and Yuan, K. (2024) Circular RNA Circabcc4 as the Cerna Facilitates Renal Carcinoma Progression. World Journal of Urology, 42, Article No. 607. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[79] Yang, L., Wang, L., Wu, J. and Wang, Y. (2023) Circ_0000069 Contributes to the Growth, Metastasis and Glutamine Metabolism in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) via Regulating miR-125a-5p-Dependent SLC1A5 Expression. Transplant Immunology, 77, Article 101764. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[80] Xia, L., Ge, M., Shan, G., Qian, H. and Xia, Y. (2023) The Effects of Circ_000558/miR-1225-5p/ARL4c on Regulating the Proliferation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Journal of Oncology, 2023, 1-12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[81] Wang, J., Li, X., Lu, L., He, L., Hu, H. and Xu, Z. (2018) Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0000567 Can Be Used as a Promising Diagnostic Biomarker for Human Colorectal Cancer. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 32, e22379. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[82] Zhang, J., Luo, Z., Zheng, Y., Duan, M., Qiu, Z. and Huang, C. (2024) CircRNA as an Achilles Heel of Cancer: Characterization, Biomarker and Therapeutic Modalities. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22, Article No. 752. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[83] Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Li, X., Jia, Y., Wang, J. and Ao, X. (2022) FOXO3a in Cancer Drug Resistance. Cancer Letters, 540, Article 215724. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[84] Liu, Y., Li, X., Zhou, X., Wang, J. and Ao, X. (2022) FADD as a Key Molecular Player in Cancer Progression. Molecular Medicine, 28, Article No. 132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[85] Litke, J.L. and Jaffrey, S.R. (2019) Highly Efficient Expression of Circular RNA Aptamers in Cells Using Autocatalytic Transcripts. Nature Biotechnology, 37, 667-675. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[86] Qu, L., Yi, Z., Shen, Y., Lin, L., Chen, F., Xu, Y., et al. (2022) Circular RNA Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Variants. Cell, 185, 1728-1744.e16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

为你推荐