锡林郭勒草原矿区地下水化学特征与健康风险评价

Chemical Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater in Xilingol Grassland Mining Area

摘要: 为研究矿区对锡林郭勒草原地下水化学特征构成的影响以及地下水中重金属对人体健康的潜在危害，以锡林郭勒草原矿区为研究区，对区内30个地下水样品中的常规指标和金属元素进行测定和分析。基于内梅罗综合指数法分析了研究区内地下水化学特征，应用USEPA健康风险评价模型评价了研究区地下水健康风险。水质评价结果表明：研究区内某些监测点的水质浓度超出了《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848-2017)中III类的标准限值，研究区地下水水质较差，需加强该地区的地下水污染防治工作。健康风险评价结果表明：致癌物的健康风险值远高于非致癌物的健康风险值，且儿童暴露的健康风险高于成人，但通过饮用水途径摄入的六种重金属对成人和儿童造成的整体健康风险均未超出可接受的最大限度，表明研究区地下水金属元素致癌风险较低。

Abstract: To study the influence of mining areas on the chemical characteristics of groundwater in Xilingol Grassland and the potential hazards of heavy metals in groundwater to human health, the Xilingol grassland mining area was taken as the research area, and the conventional indicators and metal elements in 30 groundwater samples in the area were determined and analyzed. The chemical characteristics of groundwater in the study area were analyzed based on the Nemero Composite index method, and the groundwater health risk in the study area was evaluated by applying the USEPA health risk assessment model. The water quality assessment results show that the water quality concentration at some monitoring points in the study area exceeds the standard limit of Class III in the “Groundwater Quality Standard” (GB/T 14848-2017). The groundwater quality in the study area is poor, and the prevention and control of groundwater pollution in this area needs to be strengthened. The results of the health risk assessment show that the health risk values of carcinogens are much higher than those of non-carcinogens, and the health risk exposure of children is higher than that of adults. However, the overall health risks caused by the intake of six heavy metals through drinking water to both adults and children have not exceeded the acceptable maximum limit, indicating that the carcinogenic risk of metal elements in groundwater in the study area is relatively low.