电商平台“默认勾选”行为的法律研究

Legal Regulation of “Default Check” Behavior on E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: “默认勾选”是电商平台普遍采用的交互设计之一，它以技术手段塑造用户行为模式，既便利了交易，又潜藏着侵犯消费者权益和信息安全的隐患。近年来，该问题在会员自动续费、附加保险、信息共享授权等领域频频引发争议。本文在厘清“默认勾选”概念及特征的基础上，分析其法律属性、潜在风险与我国现行规制困境，指出现行法律对“明示同意”的适用存在空白。通过对欧盟、美国、日本等地规制经验的比较研究，本文提出以“明示同意原则”为核心、以“界面合规设计”与“智能监管机制”为支撑的系统性规制方案，旨在实现消费者权益保护与数字经济创新之间的平衡。

Abstract: “Default check” is a common interactive design used by e-commerce platforms. It manipulates user behavior through pre-set technical means, providing convenience while potentially infringing on consumer rights and information security. In recent years, disputes over automatic renewals, add-on insurance, and data authorization have made this issue prominent. This paper clarifies the concept and features of “default check”, analyzes its legal nature, risks, and the current regulatory dilemma in China, and identifies gaps in the application of “explicit consent”. Through a comparative study of regulatory experiences in the EU, the US, and Japan, it proposes a systematic governance framework centered on the principle of explicit consent, supported by compliance-oriented interface design and intelligent regulatory mechanisms, aiming to balance consumer protection with digital innovation.