数字化转型对出口企业自主创新的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Digital Transformation on Independent Innovation of Export Enterprises

摘要: 本文以2011~2023年中国A股上市的出口企业为研究对象，通过构建双向固定效应模型，实证分析了数字化转型对出口企业自主创新的影响。研究发现数字化转型能够显著提高出口企业的自主创新，该结论在经过一系列内生性检验与稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析发现数字化转型可以通过提升出口企业的知识管理水平与人力资本水平两个渠道促进其自主创新。通过对企业要素密集度和政府数字关注度进行异质性分析，发现数字化转型对劳动密集型和技术密集型的出口企业的自主创新具有显著的促进作用，政府数字关注度高，数字化转型对出口企业自主创新的助力作用更明显。本文的研究结论有助于强化出口企业和政府对数字化转型的理论认识，并为出口企业提升自主创新能力提供有益的方法指导。

Abstract: This paper takes the export enterprises listed on China’s A-share market from 2011 to 2023 as the research object, and empirically examines the impact of digital transformation on the independent innovation of export enterprises by constructing a two-way fixed effect model. The research finds that digital transformation can significantly enhance the independent innovation of export enterprises, and this conclusion remains valid after a series of endogeneity tests and robustness tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that digital transformation can promote the independent innovation of export enterprises through two channels: improving the knowledge management level and human capital level of export enterprises. Through heterogeneity analysis of enterprise factor intensity and government digital attention, it is found that digital transformation has a significant promoting effect on the independent innovation of labor-intensive and technology-intensive export enterprises. The higher the government’s digital attention, the more obvious the assistance effect of digital transformation on the independent innovation of export enterprises. The research conclusion of this paper is helpful to strengthen the theoretical understanding of digital transformation by export enterprises and the government, and provides useful methodological guidance for export enterprises to enhance their independent innovation capabilities.