针刺治疗脑卒中后尿潴留的临床研究进展

Clinical Research Progress on Acupuncture Treatment for Urinary Retention after Stroke

摘要: 脑卒中后尿潴留是脑卒中常见的并发症之一，严重影响患者的康复进程、生活质量和心理健康，并增加家庭与社会负担。本文旨在系统综述针刺治疗脑卒中后尿潴留的临床研究进展。首先，概述了脑卒中的流行病学背景及脑卒中后尿潴留的发生率与危害；其次，探讨了脑卒中后尿潴留的作用机制及病因病机；进而，比较分析了该病症的常规方法，如留置导尿、药物治疗、膀胱训练及盆底肌康复等；最后，重点综述了针刺疗法，包括常规针刺、电针、针药结合及理疗仪器辅助针刺等在治疗脑卒中后尿潴留中的具体应用、选穴规律及临床疗效。结果表明，针刺疗法作为一种安全、有效且兼具整体调节优势的非药物疗法，在改善脑卒中后尿潴留患者膀胱功能、提高生活质量方面展现出显著潜力，值得在临床进一步推广和应用。

Abstract: Post-stroke urinary retention is one of the common complications of stroke, which seriously affects the rehabilitation process, quality of life and mental health of patients, and increases the burden on families and society. This article aims to systematically review the clinical research progress of acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke urinary retention. Firstly, it provides an overview of the epidemiological background of stroke and the incidence and harm of post-stroke urinary retention. Secondly, it explores the mechanism of action and etiology of post-stroke urinary retention. Then, it compares and analyzes the conventional methods for this condition, such as indwelling catheterization, drug therapy, bladder training and pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation. Finally, it focuses on the review of acupuncture therapy, including conventional acupuncture, electroacupuncture, acupuncture combined with medication and acupuncture assisted by physical therapy equipment, in the treatment of post-stroke urinary retention, including specific applications, selection of acupoints and clinical efficacy. The results show that acupuncture therapy, as a safe, effective and holistic non-pharmacological therapy, has significant potential in improving bladder function and quality of life in patients with post-stroke urinary retention, and is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice.