技术溢出、网络效应与补贴效能：数字创新生态的均衡分析

Technology Spillover, Network Effects, and Subsidy Effectiveness: An Equilibrium Analysis of the Digital Innovation Ecosystem

摘要: 在数字经济驱动全球高质量发展的背景下，数字创新的生态化协同特征日益显著。本文构建数字创新生态中生态领导者与生态互补者的斯塔克伯格博弈模型，剖析政府“平台建设补贴–协同创新补贴”双轨机制对创新资源配置的作用路径，揭示技术溢出与网络外部性对补贴效能的调节机制。研究发现：双轨补贴通过降低生态领导者创新成本、激励跨主体协同，形成“高投入–高响应”的生态创新均衡；技术溢出效率与网络效应强度显著增强补贴政策的创新激励效果，且多主体决策受技术标准与路线匹配约束时，补贴效能进一步提升。研究为政府设计动态补贴政策、优化数字创新生态治理提供了理论依据与量化支撑。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the digital economy driving high-quality global development, the ecological synergy characteristics of digital innovation have become increasingly prominent. This paper constructs a Stackelberg game model between ecological leaders and ecological complementors in the digital innovation ecosystem, analyzes the mechanism through which the government’s “platform construction subsidy-collaborative innovation subsidy” dual-track mechanism influences the allocation of innovation resources, and reveals the regulatory role of technology spillover and network externality on subsidy effectiveness. The study finds that: the dual-track subsidy reduces the innovation costs of ecological leaders and encourages cross-entity collaboration, thereby forming an ecological innovation equilibrium characterized by “high input-high response”; the efficiency of technology spillover and the intensity of network effects significantly enhance the innovation incentive effect of subsidy policies, and when multi-entity decision-making is constrained by the matching of technical standards and routes, the effectiveness of subsidies is further improved. This research provides a theoretical basis and quantitative support for the government to design dynamic subsidy policies and optimize the governance of the digital innovation ecosystem.