基于老幼共居模式的适老化公共空间调查研究——以B县为例

Survey and Research on Aging Friendly Public Spaces Based on the Model of Elderly and Young Living Together—Taking B Prefecture as an Example

摘要: 在我国老龄化进程持续深化的背景下，县域公共空间适老化转型成为提升老年生活品质与促进代际和谐的迫切需求。本研究以B县为例，聚焦老幼共居模式的适老化公共空间优化路径，通过系统调研公园与社区两类典型场景。采用文献研究法梳理代际共享理论及政策依据，结合实地勘察法记录设施配置与行为轨迹，并运用深度访谈法解析老年群体安全诉求与儿童探索需求。研究发现，现有空间存在适老设施短缺、代际活动冲突及低效资源闲置等核心问题。基于此，提出“老幼共融”的设计方案，强调空间功能分区优化与轻量化改造，形成低成本、易推广的县域更新模板。研究成果为缓解代际矛盾、提升社区亲和力提供实践参考，助力国家老龄事业政策在基层落地。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the continuous deepening of China’s aging process, the transformation of county-level public spaces to adapt to aging has become an urgent need to improve the quality of life for the elderly and promote intergenerational harmony. This study takes B County as an example, focusing on the optimization path of aging friendly public spaces for the elderly and young living together model, and systematically investigates two typical scenarios: parks and communities. Using literature research method to sort out the theory and policy basis of intergenerational sharing, combined with field survey method to record facility configuration and behavior trajectory, and using in-depth interview method to analyze the safety demands of the elderly group and the exploration needs of children. Research has found that existing spaces suffer from core issues such as a shortage of elderly friendly facilities, intergenerational activity conflicts, and inefficient resource idle. Based on this, a design scheme of “integrating the elderly and the young” is proposed, emphasizing the optimization of spatial functional zoning and lightweight transformation, forming a low-cost and easy to promote county-level renewal template. The research results provide practical references for alleviating intergenerational conflicts and enhancing community affinity, and help implement national aging policies at the grassroots level.