PhET仿真分析物块在圆弧面和竖直面内的圆周运动

Analysis of Circular Motion of a Block on Arc and Vertical Planes via PhET Simulation

摘要: 本文利用PhET仿真的能量滑板竞技场模块，形象直观地模拟了物块沿斜面下滑并受限于半圆弧轨道在竖直面内做圆周运动，并定量分析了物块在斜面上不同高度h下滑后，其上升高度d与h的关系。结果表明，模拟结果与理论结果高度相符，验证了理论结果的正确性。发现当物块下滑高度h与圆弧轨道半径R之间满足关系h = 1.75R时，物块的落地点恰好位于半圆弧轨道的最底端。PhET仿真的应用，不仅激发了学生的学习热情，还会使学生发现并验证该临界条件，帮助学生建立直观的物理情景，教学效果良好。

Abstract: This paper uses the PhET simulation’s Energy Skate Park module to vividly and intuitively simulate a block sliding down an inclined plane and constrained to move in circular motion along a semicircular track in a vertical plane. It quantitatively analyzes the relationship between the block’s ascent height d and its sliding height h on the inclined plane. The results show that the simulation results are highly consistent with theoretical results, verifying the correctness of the theory. It was found that when the block’s sliding height h and the radius R of the circular track satisfy a certain relationship, the block lands exactly at the lowest point of the semicircular track. The application of the PhET simulation not only stimulates students’ enthusiasm for learning but also allows them to discover and verify this critical condition, helping students build an intuitive understanding of the physical scenario and achieving good teaching effects.