基于HSK动态作文语料库的引导式元话语使用偏误分析

An Error Analysis of the Use of Interactive Metadiscourse Based on the Corpus of HSK Dynamic Composition

摘要: 随着元话语研究从英语扩展至汉语，其在国际中文教学中的应用潜力日益凸显。为探究英语母语者在汉语写作中的元话语使用特征，本研究依托Hyland的分析框架，对HSK动态作文语料库2.0中29篇英语母语者作文进行考察。研究发现，学习者在元话语使用上存在功能缺失与语体失当两大问题，“错用”与“搭配不当”为主要偏误类型，其根源可归结为母语负迁移、目的语知识泛化和回避的交际策略三大因素。这些发现印证了二语学习者在从“语言正确”向“语篇得体”过渡中的典型困境，也为对外汉语写作教学从“词句纠错”向“语篇建构”转型提供了实证支撑。

Abstract: As metadiscourse research expands from English to Chinese, its potential application in International Chinese Language Teaching is increasingly evident. To explore the characteristics of native English speakers’ metadiscourse use in Chinese writing, this study, based on Hyland’s analytical framework, examined 29 essays written by native English speakers in the HSK Dynamic Writing Corpus 2.0. The study found two major problems in learners’ metadiscourse use: functional deficiencies and stylistic inappropriateness. “Misuse” and “Inappropriate Collocation” are the main error types, and their root causes can be attributed to three factors: negative transfer from the mother tongue, generalization of target language rules, and avoidance strategies. These findings confirm the typical dilemma faced by second language learners in transitioning from “language correctness” to “discourse appropriateness,” and provide empirical support for the transformation of teaching Chinese as a foreign language writing from “Sentence Correction” to “Discourse Construction.”