我国商业秘密民事诉讼举证责任规则完善研究——以《反不正当竞争法》第39条为核心

Research on the Improvement of the Burden of Proof Rules in Civil Litigation of Trade Secrets in China —Centred on Article 39 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law

摘要: 《反不正当竞争法》第39条确立了商业秘密民事侵权诉讼中的举证责任转移规则，其性质并非举证责任倒置或法律推定。举证责任转移虽在一定程度上缓解了权利人的举证困难，但在实践中面临证明标准模糊、立法技术缺陷等突出问题。建议通过明晰证明标准、优化条款逻辑结构等方式予以完善，以实现保护权利人权益与防止诉讼滥用的平衡。

Abstract: Article 39 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law establishes the rule of shifting the burden of proof in civil infringement litigation concerning trade secrets, which is neither a reversal nor a legal presumption of the burden of proof. Although the shifting of the burden of proof alleviates the difficulties faced by rights holders to some extent, it still encounters prominent issues in practice, such as ambiguous standards of proof and defects in legislative techniques. It is suggested that improvements should be made by clarifying the standards of proof and optimizing the logical structure of the relevant provisions to achieve a balance between protecting the rights of rights holders and preventing abuses of litigation.