锻炼行为对大学生抑郁感的影响：自我认知和感知社会支持的链式中介效应

The Effect of Exercise Behavior on College Students’ Depression: The Chain Mediation Effect of Self-Awareness and Perceived Social Support

摘要: 本文通过探讨锻炼行为与大学生抑郁感之间的关系，引入自我认知和感知社会支持作为研究变量，并建立中介效应模型，旨在鼓励大学生主动参与体育锻炼，进而缓解其抑郁情绪。采用《自我评价抑郁感量表》《体育锻炼强度量表》《多维感知社会支持量表》和《自我认知量表》对710名在校大学生进行调查。结果表明：锻炼行为与大学生抑郁感存在显著负相关关系(r = −0.217, p < 0.01)，与自我认知(r = 0.268, p < 0.01)、感知社会支持(r = 0.164, p < 0.01)均存在正相关关系；大学生抑郁感与自我认知(r = −0.318, p < 0.01)、感知社会支持(r = −0.524, p < 0.01)均存在负相关关系；感知社会支持与自我认知(r = 0.149, p < 0.01)存在正相关关系。结论：锻炼行为对大学生抑郁感有显著预测作用；自我认知和感知社会支持在锻炼行为与大学生抑郁感之间发挥链式中介效应。

Abstract: By exploring the relationship between exercise behavior and depression among college students, this paper introduces self-awareness and perceived social support as research variables and establishes a mediating effect model, aiming to encourage college students to actively participate in physical exercise, thereby alleviating their depressive mood. A survey was conducted on 710 college students using the Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Exercise Intensity Scale, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Self-Awareness Scale. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between exercise behavior and depression among college students (r = −0.217, p < 0.01), and a positive correlation with self-awareness (r = 0.268, p < 0.01) and perceived social support (r = 0.164, p < 0.01); depression among college students was negatively correlated with self-awareness (r = −0.318, p < 0.01) and perceived social support (r = −0.524, p < 0.01); and perceived social support was positively correlated with self-awareness (r = 0.149, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Exercise behavior has a significant predictive effect on depression among college students; self-awareness and perceived social support play a chain mediation effect between exercise behavior and depression among college students.