血糖波动与炎症因子在糖尿病下肢动脉病变发展中的作用：机制与临床意义

The Role of Blood Glucose Fluctuations and Inflammatory Factors in the Development of Diabetic Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Significance

摘要: 糖尿病患者在生活中常常面临下肢动脉病变的显著风险，而血糖波动和炎症因子被认为在此病变的进展中扮演着关键角色。近年来，越来越多的研究表明，血糖波动不仅影响血糖控制，还可能通过诱导炎症反应，进一步促进下肢动脉的病理变化。本综述旨在系统分析血糖波动与炎症因子之间的相互作用，探讨其对糖尿病下肢动脉病变的影响机制。我们总结了最新的研究成果，揭示了血糖波动如何通过激活炎症途径来加剧下肢动脉病变的风险。同时，文章还讨论了在临床管理中需要关注的关键因素，以帮助降低糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的发生率和进展。这些研究不仅为我们理解糖尿病并发症的病理机制提供了新的视角，也为临床治疗策略的优化提供了依据。

Abstract: Diabetic patients often face a significant risk of lower extremity arterial disease in daily life, and blood glucose fluctuations and inflammatory factors are believed to play key roles in the progression of this lesion. In recent years, a growing body of research has indicated that blood glucose fluctuations not only affect glycemic control but may also further promote pathological changes in the lower extremity arteries by inducing inflammatory responses. This review aims to systematically analyze the interaction between blood glucose fluctuations and inflammatory factors, and explore their underlying mechanisms in diabetic lower extremity arterial disease. We summarize the latest research findings, revealing how blood glucose fluctuations exacerbate the risk of lower extremity arterial disease by activating inflammatory pathways. Meanwhile, this article discusses the key factors that need attention in clinical management to help reduce the incidence and progression of lower extremity arterial disease in diabetic patients. These studies not only provide new insights into our understanding of the pathological mechanisms of diabetic complications but also offer a basis for the optimization of clinical treatment strategies.