中国制造业数字化水平、区域差异及分布动态演进

The Digitalization Level, Regional Differences, and Dynamic Evolution of Distribution in China’s Manufacturing Industry

摘要: 文章构建了包含3个维度、9个基础指标的综合测度指标体系，利用熵权法测算了中国制造业数字化水平，并运用Dagum基尼系数及其分解方法、分析了中国制造业数字化水平的地区差异及非均衡性。研究结果表明：中国制造业的数字化水平呈上升趋势，但数字化水平仍然较低；数字化条件和应用表现较好，而数字化效益的问题较为突出；中国制造业的数字化水平存在显著的区域不平衡，呈现出从东部到中部再到西部的阶梯性分布；中国制造业数字化水平的区域差异主要源自区域间的差异，且呈逐渐缩小态势；全国及三大区域制造业数字化水平的不平衡呈现波动上升趋势，全国呈现出极化格局。

Abstract: The article constructs a comprehensive measurement index system consisting of three dimensions and nine fundamental indicators, and calculates the digitalization level of China’s manufacturing industry using the entropy weight method. It also employs the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition method to analyze regional differences and the imbalance in the digitalization level of China’s manufacturing industry. The findings indicate that the intelligent level of China’s manufacturing industry is on the rise, but the overall digitalization level remains low. While digitalization conditions and applications are performing well, issues related to the benefits of digitalization remain prominent. There is significant regional imbalance in the intelligent level of China’s manufacturing industry, showing a stepwise distribution from the eastern to the central and western regions. The regional differences in the intelligent level of China’s manufacturing industry primarily stem from inter-regional disparities, and these differences are gradually narrowing. The imbalance in the intelligent level of manufacturing across the country and three major regions exhibits a fluctuating upward trend, with a polarized pattern emerging nationwide.