某三甲医院7年间血流感染细菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and Drug Resistance Analysis of Bloodstream Infection Bacteria in a Tertiary Hospital in 7 Years

摘要: 目的：分析广安市某医院血流感染常见感染病原菌的动态变化。方法：纳入2018年~2024年血培养阳性1574株血流感染病原菌，分析病原菌分布及药敏结果。结果：革兰阴性菌57.4%，革兰阳性菌41.4%，真菌19株。药敏结果显示MRSA和MRSCNS检出率为35.2%和72.5%，葡萄球菌属中鉴定出3株万古霉素耐药株，发现1例利奈唑胺和替考拉宁耐药株；监测显示，产酶(ESBLs)株大肠埃希菌对头孢吡肟、环丙沙星敏感率呈下降趋势；大肠埃希菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸耐药率下降。结论：2018年~2024年广安地区血流感染部分病原谱呈现显著变迁，提示应提高相关病原菌和易感人群的持续监测，加强抗生素使用策略、优化感染防控措施。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the dynamic changes of common pathogens of bloodstream infection in a hospital in Guang’an. Methods: A 1574 strains of blood-flow infection pathogens with positive blood culture from 2018 to 2024 were included, and the distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogens were analyzed. Results: Gram-negative bacteria: 57.4%, gram-positive bacteria: 41.4%, and 19 cases were fungi. The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) were 35.2% and 72.5%. There are 3 vancomycin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus, 1 linezolid and teicoplanin-resistant strain. Monitoring data shows a decreasing trend in the susceptibility of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains to cefepime and ciprofloxacin; the resistance rate of Escherichia coli to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is also decreasing. Conclusion: From 2018 to 2024, some pathogens of bloodstream infection in this area changed greatly, suggesting that continuous monitoring of related pathogens and susceptible populations should be improved, antibiotic use strategies should be strengthened, and infection prevention and control measures should be optimized.