浅析翻译等值理论在《我与地坛》俄译本中的实际应用

Analysis of the Practical Application of Translation Equivalence Theory in the Russian Translation of “My Life in the Earth Temple”

摘要: 语际翻译作为一种跨越语言边界的实践，其本质是跨文化交流，必然关涉不同文化间的融汇与贯通。这不仅要求译者具备在特定文化场景中阐释现象的能力，也催生了对于“翻译等值”理论的深入探讨。换言之，在传统的直译与意译二分法之外，对“等值”概念的探寻为我们提供了系统分析翻译现象的新范式。在现代中国文学谱系中，散文始终占据着不可或缺的重要地位。然而，在对外译介与传播过程中，译入语读者更常接触的仍是以古典名著与武侠小说为代表的中国叙事文学，现当代散文的系统译介与接受程度则相对有限。这一现象的形成，既与全球化语境下阅读趣味的变迁有关，也受制于数字时代碎片化、视觉化的信息消费模式。事实上，现代散文作为一类贴近生活、直抒胸臆的文体，更能真实记录新中国以来社会变迁与个体经验，也更能传递当代中国人的情感结构与价值观念。因此，推动现代散文的外译与研究，不仅具有文学交流的意义，也是深化跨文化理解的重要途径。有鉴于此，本文将以《孔子学院》期刊中M. Shcherbakova所译《我与地坛》俄文译本为个案，从语言、文化与审美三个层面，探讨翻译等值理论在散文翻译实践中的适用性与表现方式，以期为相关文类的译介研究提供参考。

Abstract: As a practice that crosses linguistic boundaries, interlingual translation is inherently an act of cross-cultural communication, inevitably involving the integration and mutual understanding of different cultures. This not only requires translators to possess the ability to interpret phenomena within specific cultural contexts but also gives rise to in-depth discussions on the theory of “translation equivalence.” In other words, beyond the traditional dichotomy of literal and free translation, the pursuit of the concept of “equivalence” offers a new paradigm for systematically analyzing translation phenomena. Within the spectrum of modern Chinese literature, prose has always held an indispensable and significant position. However, in the process of translation and dissemination abroad, readers of the target language are more frequently exposed to Chinese narrative literature represented by classical masterpieces and martial arts novels, while the systematic translation and reception of modern and contemporary prose remain relatively limited. This phenomenon stems from both shifts in reading preferences within the global context and the constraints of fragmented, visual information consumption patterns in the digital age. In fact, modern prose, as a genre that is close to life and expresses emotions directly, more authentically records social changes and individual experiences since the founding of New China, and better conveys the emotional structures and values of contemporary Chinese people. Therefore, promoting the translation and study of modern prose abroad is not only significant for literary exchange but also an important pathway to deepening cross-cultural understanding. In light of this, this paper will take the Russian translation of “My Life in the Earth Temple” by M. Shcherbakova, published in a Confucius Institute journal, as a case study. It will explore the applicability and manifestations of translation equivalence theory in prose translation from linguistic, cultural, and aesthetic dimensions, with the aim of providing insights for research on the translation of related literary genres.