文化负载词英译策略与中国文化海外传播研究——以《李白诗选》为例

A Study on the English Translation Strategies of Culture-Loaded Words and the Overseas Dissemination of Chinese Culture—A Case Study of Selected Poems of Li Bai

摘要: 本研究以《李白诗选》为案例，探讨了文化负载词的英译策略及其在中国文化海外传播中的作用。文章将文化负载词分为自然生态、社会文化、语言文化和物质文化四类，通过对比分析许渊冲等译者的译本，考察了直译、意译、归化、异化、注释、文化替代等翻译策略的运用效果。研究认为，成功的翻译需要在“忠实性”与“传播力”之间取得平衡，既要保留原诗的文化意象，又要确保目标语读者的理解与共鸣。文章最终指出，文化负载词的翻译是跨文化传播的关键环节，对推动中华文化走向世界具有重要意义，旨在为古典诗歌的英译实践提供理论与实践参考。在全球化背景下，如何通过翻译有效传播中国古典文化是一个持续受到关注的课题。以李白这位在世界范围内享有盛誉的诗人作为研究对象，具有典型性和代表性。研究结论对于翻译实践者，特别是从事古典文学外译的人员，具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract: This study takes Selected Poems of Li Bai as a case study to explore the English translation strategies of culture-loaded words and their role in the overseas dissemination of Chinese culture. The article categorizes culture-loaded words into four types: natural ecology, socio-culture, linguistic culture, and material culture. Through a comparative analysis of translations by translators such as Xu Yuanchong, it examines the effectiveness of translation strategies such as literal translation, free translation, domestication, foreignization, annotation, and cultural substitution. The study argues that successful translation requires a balance between “faithfulness” and “communicative effectiveness”, preserving the cultural imagery of the original poems while ensuring comprehension and resonance among target language readers. Ultimately, the article emphasizes that the translation of culture-loaded words is a critical link in cross-cultural communication and holds significant importance in promoting Chinese culture globally. It aims to provide theoretical and practical references for the English translation of classical Chinese poetry. In the context of globalization, how to effectively disseminate classical Chinese culture through translation remains a topic of ongoing concern. Focusing on Li Bai, a poet of worldwide renown, makes this research both typical and representative. The findings offer valuable insights for translation practitioners, particularly those engaged in the translation of classical literature.