故乡与在地：深圳随迁子女的身份认同研究

Hometown and Local Identity: A Study on the Identity Formation of Migrant Children in Shenzhen

摘要: 改革开放以来，大规模人口流动催生的随迁子女群体，其身份认同在城乡文化多元互动中成为重要议题，深圳随迁子女因城市移民特质具有典型研究价值。研究基于段义孚“空间–地方”理论，采用问卷调查与定量分析，探讨其身份认同现状及影响因素。研究发现，该群体认同整体偏向深圳，本地出生者、幼年随迁者及青少年群体认同更强，亲切经验中的具身元素、居住时长、非语言文化适应及社会资本显著驱动认同，制度支持影响不显著。研究表明，随迁子女身份认同是身体经验、时间沉淀与社会互动共同作用的结果，现代城市认同更依赖生活实践性文化适应，建议社会支持从制度供给转向情感营造，为城市化进程中流动群体的社会融合提供参考。

Abstract: Since the reform and opening-up, the large-scale population migration has given rise to a group of migrant children whose identity formation has become a significant issue within the context of urban-rural cultural interaction. Migrant children in Shenzhen, characterized by their urban immigrant background, present a particularly valuable case for study. This study employs questionnaire surveys and quantitative analysis grounded in John Yifu Duan’s “space-place” theory to examine their current identity status and influencing factors. Findings reveal that this group generally identifies more strongly with Shenzhen, with stronger identification among locally born children, those who migrated at a young age, and adolescents. Embodied elements in intimate experiences, duration of residence, nonverbal cultural adaptation, and social capital significantly drive identity formation, while institutional support shows no significant influence. The findings indicate that migrant children’s identity formation results from the interplay of bodily experience, temporal sedimentation, and social interaction. Modern urban identity relies more on the practical cultural adaptation of daily life. It is recommended that social support shift from institutional provision to emotional cultivation, offering insights for the social integration of mobile populations in urbanization processes.