腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的女性患者嗅觉功能与术后恶心呕吐的相关性研究

Correlation between Olfactory Function and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Female Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

摘要: 目的：研究接受腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的女性患者嗅觉功能与术后恶心呕吐(Postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV)之间的相关性。方法：术前通过嗅觉识别测试评估患者嗅觉功能。麻醉医师使用PONV评分量表，在术后2、6、12、24小时记录PONV发生情况，并记录补救性止吐药使用情况。其他术后观察指标包括：进食流质饮食的时间、排气时间、住院时长、伤口愈合情况及其他并发症。结果：本研究共纳入297名患者，分为嗅觉缺失组和非嗅觉缺失组。将非嗅觉缺失组进一步细分为嗅觉减退组和嗅觉正常组进行亚组分析。结果表明，嗅觉缺失组和嗅觉减退组患者在术后24小时内PONV的发生率分别显著高于非嗅觉缺失组和嗅觉正常组。结论：接受腹腔镜胆囊切除手术的女性患者嗅觉功能与术后24小时内PONV的发生率有明显相关性。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the correlation between olfactory function and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Method: The olfactory function of the patients was evaluated through olfactory recognition tests before the operation. Anesthesiologists used the PONV scoring scale to record the occurrence of PONV at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after the operation, and also recorded the use of remedial antiemetic drugs. Other postoperative observation indicators, including the time of consuming liquid diet, the time of exhaustion, the length of hospital stay, wound healing condition and other complications, were also recorded. Results: Finally, 297 patients were enrolled and divided into an olfactory loss group and a non-olfactory loss group. The non-olfactory loss group was further subdivided into an olfactory impairment group and a normal olfactory group for subgroup analysis. Results showed that the incidence of PONV within 24 hours was significantly higher in the olfactory loss group and olfactory impairment group compared to the non-olfactory loss group and normal olfactory group, respectively. Conclusion: The olfactory function of female patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy is significantly correlated with the incidence of PONV within 24 hours after operation.