电子商务中侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的法律规制

Legal Regulation of Crimes Involving the Infringement of Citizen’s Personal Information in E-Commence

摘要: 在电子商务深度渗透日常生活的背景下，侵犯公民个人信息犯罪呈现链条化、技术化、隐蔽化特征，已形成“信息获取–解密倒卖–精准利用”的黑产生态，严重威胁公民财产安全与数字市场秩序。本文结合《刑法》及相关司法解释实施实践，通过分析电商领域此类犯罪的典型形态与司法认定难点，揭示现行规制体系在前置法衔接、责任主体界定、证据标准适用等方面的现实困境。相较于现有研究侧重单一维度的规制建议，本文基于“两高”司法解释与近年典型案例，提出“立法补位–司法适配–执法闭环”的三维协同规制路径，突出“平台责任梯度化认定”“电子证据链标准化”“跨部门协同机制实体化”三大创新要点，为破解电商场景下个人信息刑事保护难题提供更具实操性的理论支撑与实践指引。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of e-commerce deeply permeating daily life, crimes involving the infringement of citizens’ personal information exhibit characteristics of chain-based operations, technological sophistication, and concealment. These offenses have formed a black-market ecosystem encompassing “information acquisition-decryption and resale-targeted exploitation”, posing a severe threat to citizens’ property security and the order of the digital marketplace. This paper examines the implementation of the Criminal Law and relevant judicial interpretations, analyzing typical patterns of such crimes in the e-commerce sector and challenges in judicial adjudication. It reveals practical difficulties within the current regulatory framework regarding pre-trial coordination, liability attribution, and evidence standards. Compared to existing research focusing on single-dimensional regulatory recommendations, this paper proposes a three-dimensional collaborative regulatory approach—“legislative supplementation, judicial adaptation, and enforcement closure”—based on the judicial interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court and Supreme People’s Procuratorate, as well as recent landmark cases. It highlights three key innovations: “graded determination of platform liability”, “standardization of electronic evidence chains”, and “institutionalization of cross-departmental coordination mechanisms”. These innovations provide more practical theoretical support and operational guidance for addressing challenges in criminal protection of personal information within e-commerce contexts.