认知功能训练在改善急性期抑郁症患者情绪与认知功能障碍中的应用研究

Research on the Application of Cognitive Training on Emotion Disorder and Cognitive Dysfunction of Patients with Depressive Disorder in Acute Period

摘要: 目的：观察认知功能训练干预改善急性期抑郁症患者情绪与认知功能障碍中的影响效果与接受程度。方法：采用随机对照设计，40例急性期抑郁症患者，分为对照组和试验组各20例，对照组进行常规药物治疗与护理，试验组在此基础上增加以计算机认知训练系统实施的认知功能训练干预，为期4周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表、认知功能缺陷自评问卷对两组患者干预前后的情绪与认知功能状况进行比较。在试验组训练结束后以李克特10分评价法对患者进行认知功能训练的接受度和满意度进行调查，结合出勤率、不良事件发生情况评价认知功能训练在急性期抑郁症患者中应用的可行性。结果：干预结束后，试验组汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分、认知功能缺陷自评问卷评分改善幅度显著大于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论 认知功能训练在改善急性期抑郁症患者情绪与认知功能障碍中有积极影响，较易被患者所接受且安全性较好，但其具体改善机制仍需进一步研究。

Abstract: Objective: We examined the impact and feasibility of cognitive training intervention in ameliorating the emotional and cognitive dysfunctions of patients with depressive disorder in acute period. Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 40 patients with depressive disorder in acute period were assigned to two experimental groups, 20 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment. In addition to these, the experimental group received computer cognitive training for 4 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Self-Rating Questionnaire for Cognitive Defects were employed to assess the emotional and cognitive function status of both groups before and after the intervention. Upon completion of the training in the experimental group, the Likert 10-point evaluation method was used to explore the acceptance and satisfaction regarding the cognitive function training, to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive function training for acute depression patients by considering the attendance rate and the incidence of adverse events. Results: Post-intervention, the improvements in the HAMD score and the score of the Self-Rating Questionnaire for Cognitive Defects in the experimental group were significantly more pronounced than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive function training exerts a positive influence on enhancing the emotional and cognitive dysfunctions in patients with acute depression. It is relatively well-accepted by patients and demonstrates good safety. Nevertheless, the specific improvement system requires further investigation.