抑郁障碍的研究现状与展望
Research Status and Prospects of Depressive Disorders
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15123660, PDF,   
作者: 朱 蕾：西安医学院研工部，陕西 西安；空军军医大学第一附属医院心身科，陕西 西安
关键词: 抑郁障碍；评估方法；个体化治疗方案；Depressive Disorders； Assessment Methods； Individualized Treatment Plans
摘要: 抑郁障碍是最常见的精神疾病之一，全球患病率较高，带来了沉重的疾病负担。抑郁障碍不仅显著增加自杀风险，严重损害患者的社会功能，还与多种慢性躯体疾病相互影响，加重病情。抑郁障碍的病因涉及遗传、环境及神经生物学等多方面因素。本文总结了抑郁障碍的临床分型、评估手段及治疗策略。目前，药物治疗、心理治疗和物理治疗是主要治疗方法，新型药物和神经调控技术为难治性患者提供了新的选择。未来研究应更加注重精准医疗和个体化治疗，为深入理解抑郁障碍的发病机制和改进诊疗策略提供支持。
Abstract: Depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses. It has a high global prevalence and imposes a heavy disease burden. This condition significantly increases the risk of suicide. It also severely impairs patients’ social functioning. Moreover, depressive disorder interacts with various chronic physical diseases, worsening their progression. The etiology of depressive disorder involves genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors. This article summarizes the clinical subtypes, assessment methods, and treatment strategies for depressive disorder. Currently, pharmacological therapy, psychotherapy, and physical therapy are the main treatment approaches. Novel medications and neuromodulation techniques offer new options for treatment-resistant patients. Future research should focus more on precision medicine and individualized treatment. This will help deepen the understanding of depressive disorder’s pathogenesis and improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
文章引用：朱蕾. 抑郁障碍的研究现状与展望[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(12): 2329-2334. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15123660

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