语言接触视角下《正统临戎录》中介词语序的演变

The Evolution of Adpositional Word Order in “The Record of Guarding the Frontier during the Zhengtong Reign”: A Language Contact Perspective

摘要: 《正统临戎录》由明通事杨铭著，多用口语，叙述详细。作为直接史料之一，能够直观地反映出明代蒙汉语言接触的语法痕迹。蒙古语族隶属阿尔泰语系，是典型的SOV语序，与后置词(POS)相和谐，而汉语是SVO语序，多使用前置词(PRE)。元明时北方汉语受阿尔泰语系的影响，出现了PRE-POS混用结构。文章运用语言类型学理论，探讨蒙汉语言接触下，《正统临戎录》中介词语序的发展演变。

Abstract: “The Record of Guarding the Frontier during the Zhengtong Reign”, authored by Ming dynasty interpreter Yang Min, is characterized by its extensive use of colloquial language and detailed narrative. As a primary historical source, it directly reflects the grammatical traces of Mongolian-Chinese language contact in the Ming dynasty. The Mongolian language, belonging to the Altaic family, exhibits a typical SOV word order and aligns with the use of postpositions (POS), whereas Chinese follows an SVO word order and predominantly employs prepositions (PRE). During the Yuan and Ming periods, Northern Chinese, influenced by the Altaic languages, developed a mixed PRE-POS structure. This study applies linguistic typology theories to explore the evolution of adpositional word order in “The Record of the Guarding the Frontier during the Zhengtong Reign” within the context of Mongolian-Chinese language contact.