艾司氯胺酮用于抗抑郁治疗机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Esketamine in Antidepressant Treatment

摘要: 抑郁症是临床上常见且严重影响患者的生活质量和生活能力的一种精神疾病，它的发病情况也越来越引起人们的重视，由于传统的抗抑郁药物需要较长时间的服用才能见效，并有一定的副作用，在使用上非常受限，所以目前研究者们一直想寻求可以更快起效且副作用较小的新型抗抑郁药物。因此目前我们发现的新型快速起效抗抑郁药艾司氯胺酮，便值得我们去研究、探讨。大量研究已发现艾司氯胺酮可通过调节神经递质系统、神经可塑性、炎症反应等多种途径达到抗抑郁的作用。本文从抗抑郁分子调控机制方面总结艾司氯胺酮作为抗抑郁药的可能作用机制，包括分子调控途径及其与临床疗效关系等，以便于人们更加深刻地认识艾司氯胺酮的抗抑郁作用机制，以及未来更好地开发一些新型的抗抑郁药物、更好地用于临床实践。

Abstract: Depression is a common mental disorder in clinical practice that seriously affects patients’ quality of life and ability to live. Its incidence has increasingly drawn people’s attention. Due to the fact that traditional antidepressants need to be taken for a relatively long time to take effect and have certain side effects, their use is very limited. So currently, researchers have been constantly seeking new types of antidepressants that can take effect more quickly and have fewer side effects. Therefore, the newly discovered fast-acting antidepressant, esketamine, is worthy of our research and exploration. A large number of studies have found that esketamine can achieve antidepressant effects through multiple pathways such as regulating the neurotransmitter system, neural plasticity, and inflammatory responses. To summarize the possible mechanism of action of esketamine as an antidepressant from the perspective of the molecular regulatory mechanism of antidepressants, including the molecular regulatory pathways and their relationship with clinical efficacy, etc., so as to enable people to have a deeper understanding of the antidepressant mechanism of esketamine and better develop some new antidepressant drugs in the future and better apply them in clinical practice.